罗宾斯《组织行为学》12版 OB12_18 组织行为.ppt

Consequences of Stress Stressors are additive: high levels of stress can lead to the following symptoms Physiological Blood pressure, headaches, stroke Psychological Dissatisfaction, tension, anxiety, irritability, boredom, and procrastination Greatest when roles are unclear in the presence of conflicting demands Behavioral Changes in job behaviors, increased smoking or drinking, different eating habits, rapid speech, fidgeting, sleep disorders Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 18-* Not All Stress Is Bad Some level of stress can increase productivity Too little or too much stress will reduce performance This model is not empirically supported Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 18-* E X H I B I T 18-9 Managing Stress Individual Approaches Implementing time management Increasing physical exercise Relaxation training Expanding social support network Organizational Approaches Improved personnel selection and job placement Training Use of realistic goal setting Redesigning of jobs Increased employee involvement Improved organizational communication Offering employee sabbaticals Establishment of corporate wellness programs Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 18-* Global Implications Organizational Change Culture varies people’s belief in the possibility of change Time orientation will affect implementation of change Reliance on tradition can increase resistance to change Power distance can modify implementation methods Idea champions act differently in different cultures Stress Job conditions that cause stress vary across cultures Stress itself is bad for everyone Having friends and family can reduce stress 18-* Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Summary and Managerial Implications Organizations and the individuals within them must undergo dynamic change Managers are change agents and modifiers of organizational cultu