美国文学 诗人及作家主题与写作风格分析以及文学术语.docx

3个重要作家 Ernest Hemingway Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) is an American novelist, journalist and war correspondent. He is the leading spokesman of the “Lost Generation”, awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954. (Thematic patterns) The Lost Generation: described in “The Sun also Rises” (1926). The generation was “lost” in the sense that they were disillusioned with the war-wrecked world and spiritually alienated from a civilization and replaced by despair or a cynical hedonism. The Hemingway Code Hero: described in “The Old Man and The Sea”(1952). A man can be physically destroyed but never defeated spiritually. (Life is full of tension and battles, the world is in chaos and man is always fighting desperately a losing battle. Those who survive and perhaps emerge victorious in the process of seeking to master the code with a set of principles such as honor, courage, endurance, wisdom are known as the Hemingway code.) Ice theory: The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. Typical of this iceberg analogy is Hemingways style. It means “Less is more”. (e.g: His novel “Indian Camp” has four “Icebergs” as the shadow.) Application: Hemingway’s Code Hero is embodied in “Indian Camp. It relates the story of young Nick watching his father deliver an Indian woman of a baby by caesarian section with a jack-knife and without anesthesia to relieve the pain. In this novel, Hemingways concern about violence and death by revealing Nicks feeling of perplexity, anxiety and terror over the misery of life and death. Hemingway introduced us five medical knowledge in the novel through the father’s teaching. (Writing style) (1)Hemingways novel are based on using short, simple and conventional words and sentences, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone. No detail is wasted.(Less is more). (2) He is good at using “Iceberg Theory”, and colloquial style. (3) Hemingway develops the style of co1loquialism, understatement and symbolism.