美国文学之海明威.ppt

American Literature The American Modernism (IV) (1914 - 1945) 2. Ernest Hemingway (1899 - 1961) I. Biography: Born in Oak Park, Illinois, the son of a country doctor, Hemingway worked as a reporter for the Kansas City Star after graduating from high school in 1917. During World War I he served as an ambulance driver for the American Red Cross; wounded on the Austro-Italian front just before his 19th birthday, he was decorated for heroism. After recuperating in the United States, he sailed for France as a foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star. In Paris he became part of the coterie of expatriate Americans that included Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and F. Scott Fitzgerald. During the Spanish Civil War, Hemingway served as a correspondent on the loyalist side. He fought in World War II and then settled in Cuba in 1945. In 1954, Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. By 1960 Fidel Castros revolution had led Hemingway to leave Cuba and settle in Idaho. There, anxiety-ridden, depressed, and ill with cancer, he shot himself, leaving behind many manuscripts. Two of his posthumously published books are the admired memoir of his apprentice days in Paris: A Moveable Feast (1964), and Islands in the Stream (1970), consisting of three closely related novellas. II. His Novels: The Sun Also Rise (1926) The novel concerns a group of psychologically bruised, disillusioned expatriates living in postwar Paris, who take psychic refuge in such immediate physical activities as eating, drinking, traveling, brawling, and lovemaking. With the publication of it, he was recognized as the spokesman of the “lost generation” (so called by Gertrude Stein). A Farewell To Arms (1929) tells of a tragic wartime love affair between an ambulance driver and an English nurse. Death in the Afternoon (1932), a nonfiction work about bullfighting Green Hills of Africa (1935), a nonfiction work about big-game hunting, glorify virility, bravery, and the virtue of a primal challenge to li