英国chapter2the_origins_of_a_nation.ppt

Chapter III The Origins of a Nation 1.Earliest settlers in Britain　　　　2.Arrival and settlement of the Celts　　　　 　3.Roman influence on britain and its limitations 　　　　　　　　　4.Basis of modern English race:the Anglo-saxons　　5.Viking and Danish invasions　　　　　　6.King Alfred(849-899) and his contributions7.The Norman Conquest and its consequences 1. Early settlement (5000 BC --55 BC) 2. Roman Britain (55 BC—AD410) 3. Anglo-Saxon Times (446—871) 4. The Viking and Danish Invasion ( 8the century—10 century) 5. The Norman Conquest(1066---) 1. Early settlement (5000BC---55 BC) 1) Iberians （伊比利亚人） Stonehenge---3,500 ago long barrow---class division 2) The Beaker Folk(宽口陶器人） 3) the Celts （凯尔特人） --- the Gaels （盖尔人）--600 BC Brythons （不列吞人）--400 BC (the English name for Britain) Belgae （比利奇人）---150 BC The Celts were practiced farmers: draining marshlands; building houses of wood and wickerwork with a weather-proof coating of mud; being ironworkers, etc. They are ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh, and their language are the basis of both Welsh and Gaelic. The Celts’ religion was Druidism.(得鲁伊德教） The Druids worshiped and performed their rites in woods by the light of the moon. And there is evidence they used human sacrifices.德鲁伊教:英国古老的树神崇拜, 据说有把很多的人装进柳条编成的巨型笼子献祭。 2. Roman Britain (55 BC----410) British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion. In 55 BC, Julius Caesar, the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time, and withdrew with hostages and prisoners. In 43 AD, the Emperor Claudius made a successful invasion, which started the nearly-400-year’s Roman occupation of Britain. Roman impact on Britain In the 2nd century, Romans built two great walls (the Antonine Wall and the Hadrian’s Wall) to defend the Picts(皮克特人). They built a network of towns,