托马斯.A.普格尔_国际贸易_英语chap009概要1.pptVIP

Chapter 9 Nontariff Barriers to Imports (NTBs) 进口非关税贸易壁垒 Introduction导入：你对这幅画有感觉吗？ $28M $ 40M $ 12M Are you interested in the painting? 1.Your initial recognition 2.External effect It costs a particular amount of money 3.This the reality : one dollar, one vote metric Similar Analysis It is easy to dodge a spear in the daylight, but it is difficult to avoid an arrow in the dark. 明枪易躲，暗箭难防。 Outline of chapter 9内容概要 Types of nontariff barriers to imports非关税贸易壁垒类型 The import of quota配额（重点） Voluntary export restraints (VERs)自动出口限制 Other tariff barriers How big are the costs of protection?保护成本分析（难点） New Protectionism新保护主义 1. Types of nontariff barriers to imports Types of nontariff barriers to imports 内涵：Nontariff barriers(NTB):Any policy, other than a tariff, used by the government of a country to reduce imports of a specific product (政府采用的不同于关税的限制特定产品进口的政策措施。） 类型：Could you list some NTBs? Figure – Major Types of NTBs:类型 2.The import quota进口配额 The import quota进口配额 Import quota:A limit on the (maximum) total quantity of imports of a product allowed into a country during a period of time 进口配额制是指一国政府在一定时期内（如一季度、半年或一年内），对某些商品的进口数量或金额规定一个数额加以直接的限制，在规定时限内，配额以内的货物可以进口，超过配额则不准进口，或者征收较高的关税、附加税或罚款后才能进口。 Do you want to import? Do you want to import? Do you want to import? Do you want to import? 《农产品进口关税配额管理暂行办法》(商务部、国家发展和改革委员会令2003 年第4 号) 2013 年粮食、棉花进口关税配额量为： 小麦963.6 万吨，国营贸易比例90%； 玉米720 万吨，国营贸易比例60%； 大米532万吨(其中：长粒米266 万吨，中短粒米266 万吨)，国营贸易比例50%； 棉花89.4 万吨，国营贸易比例33%。 The import quota进口配额 Why protectionists and government officials may favor using quota instead of a tariff? A quota can ensures that the quantity of imports is strictly limited A quota gives government officials greater power. （1）The Effects of an Import Quota under Competitive Conditions经济效应分析 Small Importing Country case large Importing country case A:The Effects of an Import Quota under Competitive Conditions, Small Importing Country Figure – The Effects of an Import Quota under Competiti