英美概况UK 3-3 The Bourgeois Revolution.ppt

Stamped Paper 2. Fuse 1773, the Boston Tea Party Bostonians boarded an English tea ship and threw the cargo into the water. 3. Breakout of the war A. In April,1775, the British government closed the harbor to commerce, the colonists rose in arms. B. In the beginning the British army was in a favorable condition. C. In 1776, Declaration of Independence encouraged the American colonists. D. the battle of Saratoga—turning point America got support from France and the British army was defeated. 4. Ending of the war In 1783 Treaty of Paris, Britain recognized the independence of the United States. II. The French Revolution 1. Breakout in 1789 with the guide by “The Rights of Man” 2.Different attitudes to the French Revolution A. The English radicals sympathized with it. B. The British government took reactionary measures. (The bourgeoisie profited from the struggle, but the people suffered misery.) The Bastille 3. The end of the French Revolution Napoleon was defeated by the allies under Wellington at Waterloo in 1815. 4.Congress of Vienna --divide the spoils of victory A. England obtained colonies from Spain, Dutch and France. B. England was ready to manufacture for the Continent and the colonies. III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution 1. The conditions: the accumulation of capital the development of capitalist farming the appearance of a labor reserve the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign 2. The special conditions: Population grew fast: skilled workers, labor, consumer A large empire: powerful navy, huge merchant fleet, ports, world-wide market, raw materials from colonies, money in “ triangle trade” Enclosure: capitalist farms, workers IV. The Industrial Revolution 1. Definition During the latter half of the eighteenth century, a rapid series of extensive changes began, especially in the field of manufacturing. There were so many new inventions that the whole series of chan