语言学_ch2.pptxVIP

Introduction to Linguistics;Introduction to Linguistics;2.1 How speech sounds are made;2.1.1 Speech organs;2) The vocal cords Three main functions: Tightly closed---glottal stop Brought together---voiced Wide open----voiceless ;3)The resonating cavities The pharynx The nasal cavity The oral cavity;2.1.2 The IPA;2.2 Consonants and vowels;(3) Fricative摩擦音: where there is continuous friction at the place of articulation. /f/, /s/ Sibilants are a special type of fricative where the airflow is shaped by the form of the tongue. /s/ and /z/ are sibilants in English. (4) Approximant延续音: (semivowels o