空调原理PPT汇编.ppt

什么是空调？ 为什么要空调？ 影响人舒适的因素 温度 湿度 空气流速 新鲜空气 干净的空气 噪声 足够的照明 合理的办公设备及工具 什么样的温、湿度人感到舒适？ 基础物理知识 室内怎样才能冬暖夏凉？ 常用制冷剂（冷媒） 制冷剂-R22 制冷剂的特性－R-22沸点 制冷工况 制冷循环 制冷循环 制冷剂的特性－R-22沸点 制冷循环 制冷循环 基本制冷系统 蒸发器 压缩机 冷凝器 膨胀阀 基本制冷系统 往复式压缩机 涡旋式压缩机 涡旋式压缩机 涡旋式压缩机 涡旋式压缩机 螺杆式压缩机 螺杆式压缩机 螺杆式压缩机 螺杆式压缩机 螺杆式压缩机 离心式压缩机 离心式压缩机 离心式压缩机 冷水塔 直接蒸发式 壳管式蒸发器 壳管式蒸发器 电子膨胀阀 电子膨胀阀,精确分配、调节冷媒流量 毛细管 优点 成本低 降低压缩机启动转矩 可贴在吸气管表面得到过冷 缺点 不能调节制冷剂流量 增加功耗 通道截面运转中不可调，停机后不能关闭。 电磁阀 电磁阀 干燥过滤器 干燥过滤器 有效保护节流装置,防止堵塞 液体管干燥过滤器 干燥过滤器 视镜 吸气管过滤器 吸气管过滤器 气液分离器 存储多余液体 防止压缩机液击 单向阀 截止阀 截止阀 热气体消声器 辅助电加热器 PTC电加热器 安全可靠 当无风时不加热 双重过热保护 表面绝缘处理 加热量可选 Finally, Refrigerant-22 (R-22) is a chemical used in many refrigeration systems. If, hypothetically, an open container of liquid R-22 were placed in the frozen display case, when exposed to atmospheric pressure, it would absorb heat and boil violently at -41.4?F [-40.8?C]. This is a hypothetical example because chemical refrigerants have environmental regulations that legally require the refrigeration system to be sealed. Any loss of refrigerant to the atmosphere is closely monitored and, generally speaking, not allowed. At atmospheric pressure, each of these three substances (pure ice, dry ice, and R-22) absorbs heat and changes phase at its own fixed temperature. Pure ice melts at 32?F [0?C], dry ice evaporates at -109.4?F [-78.6?C], and R-22 boils at -41.4?F [-40.8?C]. Why do we want a substance to change phase while producing refrigeration? This curve illustrates the pressures and corresponding temperatures at which R-22 boils and condenses. At a pressure of 85 psia [0.59 MPa], the liquid R-22 will boil at 41.2?F [5.1?C]. As an example, assume that a compressor is used to increase the pressure of the resulting refrigerant vapor to 280 psia [1.93 MPa]. This increase in pressure raises the temperature at which the vapor would condense back into liquid to 121.5?F [49.7?C]. In order to condense the refrigerant vapor at this higher temperature, a substance at a temperature less than 121.5?F [49.7?C] is need