鬼节的英文介绍.pptVIP

Ghost Festival The Ghost Festival, also known as the Hungry Ghost Festival, or Yu Lanpen（盂兰盆） is a traditional Chinese festival and holiday celebrated by Chinese in many countries. In the Chinese calendar the Ghost Festival is on the 15th night of the seventh lunar month (14th in southern China). 鬼节 每年农历七月十五日为“盂兰盆节”，“盂兰盆会”，也称“中元节”（一定意义上讲，中元节归属道教，盂兰盆节归属佛教），有些地方俗称“鬼节”、“施孤”，又称亡人节、七月半。“鬼节”，俗称“七月半”（有些地区,尤以华南为十三或十四，相传是宋代末年蒙古人入侵某地，居民为逃难而提早一天过节）。 Origins 1. Buddhism Buddhists from China and Taoists claim that the Ghost Festival originated with the canonical（权威的） scriptures of Buddhism, but many of the visible aspects of the ceremonies originate from Chinese folk religion, and other local folk traditions. This process of syncretism(宗教合并） is not limited to China: the ghost festival has parallels in Theravada Buddhism（小乘佛教） reflecting the same assumptions about an annual opening of the gates of hell, and with the same role of King Yama（阎罗王）. In Tang Dynasty China, the Buddhist festival Ullambana（盂兰盆） (see below) and the Ghost Festival were mixed and celebrated together. Origins The arhat(阿罗汉） [Sanskrit] Maudgalyāyana [Chinese: Mu-lien目连] and his mother After he attained?arhatship, he began to think deeply of his parents, and wondered what happened to them. He used his clairvoyance（千里眼） to see where they were reborn and found his father in the heavenly realms i.e. the realm of the gods. However, his mother had been reborn in a lower realm, known as Avici Hell（无间地狱）, or the Realm of?Hungry Ghosts. His mother took on the form of a?hungry ghost?(preta)?– so called because it could not eat due to its highly thin and fragile throat in which no food could pass through, yet it was always hungry because it had a fat belly. Origins He had instructed her to kindly host any Buddhist monks that ever came her way, but instead she withheld her kindness and her money. It was for this reason she was reborn in the realm of hungry ghosts. Maudgalyāyana sought the Buddha