欧洲以及其他国家的住宅建筑的co 2 排放量对比分析（建材准备和 .pptVIP

中国建筑是否是低碳建筑？ (Is China building carbon emission low?) 建筑碳排放的生命周期 (Building Carbon Emission Lifecycle Analysis) 总体而言，中国的建筑在运行使用阶段能耗要比发达国家低 (Overall, China Building carbon emission in operation phase is much lower than developed countries) BBRT 2009 09/10 美中绿色能源促进会 2010 苏州峰会 中国的低碳建筑，到底有多低？Low carbon buildings in China, how low are they?  许鹏 博士Peng Xu, PhD 2010.2 * 报告提纲 中国和国外建筑碳排放比较 (Buildings Carbon Emission Comparison, China vs Developed countries) 低碳建筑案例分析 (Low carbon emission building case study) 低碳建筑的评估框架 (Evaluation framework) 建筑施工阶段 (Building construction phase) 建筑运行阶段 (Building operation phase) 建筑拆毁阶段 (Building demolition phase) “低碳”建筑的碳排放 (Is low carbon building emission really low?) 数据来源：清华建筑节能研究中心 Carbon Emission Per Unit Area Carbon Emission Per Capita CN Developed Countries US CA CN Developed Countries US CA 施工 (Building Construction) 建材生产 (Building Materials) 建筑运行使用 Building Operation 建筑拆毁 (Building Demolition) 建材回收 (Recycle) 使用低碳 ≠ 建筑低碳 Low Carbon Operation ≠ Low Carbon Buildings 标准住宅建筑案例分析 (Typical Building) [B. Steven and R. Peter] 2层典型住宅建筑木结构，面积大约为227.6 m2 (2 level wood structure, 2276 ft2) 地下室外墙和地基采用混凝土结构 （Basements with concrete foundation) 地处冬季寒冷，夏季温和气候地区 * 与美国标准住宅建筑的CO2的排放量对比分析 (Compared with the US Buildings) 与美国标准住宅建筑的CO2排放量的对比 建筑材料准备和建造施工阶段的一次能耗为942GJ，占整个生命周期的6.1%左右， (Carbon emission in construction phase is about 6.1%) 整个建筑运行阶段的能耗占了全生命周期的93.7%左右，年均单位面积一次能耗为1,273MJ/m2 (Carbon emission in operation is about 93.7%) 基于美国的能源结构，建筑材料准备和建造施工阶段的CO2排放量为349.6 kg/m2 Overall carbon emission is 349.6 kg/m2 数据来源: 1. Steven Blanchard and Peter Reppe, Life Cycle Analysis of a Residential Home in Michigan, Center for Sustainable Systems. 木质结构与钢筋混凝土结构类型 (Comparison of wood and concrete structure) 建筑材料准备和施工阶段的CO2排放量占整个生命周期（35年）的12%左右，建筑运行阶段的CO2排放量占整个生命周期（35年）的79%左右 (Use wood structure, carbon emission is about 12% of overall building carbon emission) 钢筋混凝土结构的住宅类型在建筑材料准备和施工阶段中的CO2排放量要高23%左右 (Carbon emi