中考主谓一致讲义.docVIP

学生： 科目：英语 日期：_______________ 课 题 教学目标 重点、难点 考点及考试要求 1. 语法一致的原则 （1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside. To work hard is necessary for a student. （2）由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Both he and I are right. Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： Knife and forks刀叉，bread and butter黄油面包，a teacher and writer老师兼作家，fish and chips鱼和炸土豆片：Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come. （3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. Each man and each woman is asked to help. （4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. （5） 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。但clothing（衣服），traffic（交通），furniture（家具）等无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： A lot of people are dancing outside. The police are looking for lost boy. There isn’t any traffic on the road at the moment. （6）由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如： ??????? Is everybody ready? ??????? Somebody is using the phone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： ??????? Where are my shoes? I can’t find them. ??????? Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them. ?????????如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如： ??????? Here are some new pairs of shoes. ??????? My new pair of socks is on the bed. （8）a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。 The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons. （9）“one or two +复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数；“a / one+单数名词+ or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：Only one or two students were late today. One student or two was late tod