泔水制备生物柴油综述概要1.docVIP

泔水制备生物柴油综述 摘 要 本次毕业论文题目为“泔水制备生物柴油综述”。采用适当的处理技术，可以从泔水中分离出油脂和泔水粉。其中油脂可以用于生物柴油等的生产原料，泔水粉可以用于生产复合蛋白饲料或有机肥料，从而实现变废为宝，有利于餐厨废弃物的综合治理。本文对泔水资源化利用途径进行了综述。探索了泔水油脂转化制备生物柴油的可能途径。 泔水制备生物柴油的过程：首先泔水经过离心、过滤、压榨等方法进行固液分离；然后提取泔水粉中的油脂，将固体渣滓制成生物饲料；经油水分离器将泔水中的油脂提取出来；最后利用循环气相酯化—酯交换—水蒸汽蒸馏法和碱催化法、酸催化法、酶催化法、多相固体催化剂法等多种化学催化方法，根据酯化、酯交换等原理将泔水中的油脂转化成生物柴油，所生产的生物柴油再经过提纯便可以投产使用。 泔水中废油脂的主要成份是甘油三酸酯和脂肪酸，分别为90%和10%。根据泔水油脂组成特点，本文设计出采用酸、碱综合转化泔水的制备生物柴油的技术路线，该工艺技术可行、成本低、不产生酸碱废弃物的特点。 关键词：泔水 ， 生物柴油 ， 分离 ， 酯化 ， 酯交换  Abstract The graduation report titled hogwash biodiesel production review. The adoption of appropriate processing technology, isolated from hogwash oil and hogwash powder. Including oil can be used for production material of bio-diesel etc, can be used to produce compound hogwash powder protein feed or organic fertilizers, so as to achieve, to eat hutch waste reuse of comprehensive treatment. This paper approaches to hogwash utilization are reviewed. Explore the hogwash oil into biodiesel production may approach. Hogwash biodiesel production process: first hogwash, filtration, squeezing through centrifugal for solid-liquid separation methods; Then the grease extraction hogwash powder, solid dross made into biological feed; After the oil-water separator will hogwash oil extracted; Finally, using the cycle gas interesterified - ester exchange - steam distillation and alkali catalyst method, acid catalyst method, enzyme catalysis method, multiphase solid catalyst method and so on many kinds of chemical methods will hogwash oil catalyzed the into biodiesel, and the production of biodiesel and then after purification can put to use. Hogwash of waste oil in the main ingredients is triglyceride ester and fatty acid, 90% and 10% respectively. According to hogwash oil composition characteristics, this paper designed using acid, alkali comprehensive transformation of biodiesel production of hogwash technical route, this process is feasible in technology, low cost, do not produce acid-base waste chara