洛阳理工专业英语课件概要1.pptVIP

◆ Carbon Steel 碳钢 A plain 普通的，朴素的 carbon steel is one in which carbon is the only alloying 合金化 element. The amount of carbon in the steel controls its hardness, strength, and ductility. The higher the carbon content, the harder the steel. Carbon steels are classified according to the percentage of carbon they contain. They are referred to 涉及；谈到 as low, medium, high, and very high-carbon steels. Low-carbon Steels 低碳钢= mild steel Steels with carbon range of 0.05 to 0.30 percent are called low-carbon steels. Steels in this class 类别 are tough 韧性的，坚韧的, ductile 易延展的, and easily machined 用机器加工, formed, and welded. Most of them do not respond to 对…做出响应 any heat treating process except case 箱，盒 hardening 表 面淬火. Medium-carbon Steels 中碳钢 These steels have a carbon range from 0.30 to 0.45 percent. They are strong and hard but cannot be worked or welded as easily as low-carbon steels. Because of their higher carbon content, they can be heat treated 热处理. Successful welding of these steels often requires special electrodes 焊条；电极, but even then greater care must be taken to prevent formation of cracks around the weld area. High and Very-high-carbon Steels 高碳钢和超高碳钢 Steels with a carbon range of 0.45 to 0.75 percent are classified as high-carbon and those with 0.75 to 1.7 percent carbon as very-high-carbon steels. Both of these steels respond well to 对…产生回应heat treatment. As a rule 一般说来 , steels up to 直到 0.65 percent carbon can be welded with special electrodes 特殊焊条, although preheating 预热（pre-welding 焊前, post-welding 焊后) and stress relieving techniques (工艺technology; craft; industrial art; workmanship; process; technique) must often be used after the welding is completed. Usually it is not practical to weld steels in the very-high-carbon range. Carbon is the principal 主要的，首要的；中小学校长element controlling the structure and properties that might be expected from any carbon steel. The influence that carbon has in strengthening and h