高中英语语法讲解与测试-Unit 3 A healthy life知识讲解 it的用法（1）.docVIP

it的用法（1） 编稿：牛新阁 审稿： 概念引入 小词it’s my birthday in two weeks’ time and I’ll be 82 years old! (表时间) 4. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. (第一个it代替to give it up作宾语；第二个it代替上文中“吸烟”的事) 下面我们就先学习it作为代词和形式主语、形式宾语的用法。 用法讲解 代词it 1. 作人称代词 　 1）前文提到的事物未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；Ningbo is a beautiful city, isn’t it? 宁波是座美丽的城市，是不是？ It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 2）替代前文中的this, that；指代婴儿性别不明的人2. 作非人称代词 时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象What a long way it is from Beijing to London! （it 指距离） 　 从北京到伦敦是多么长的一段距离啊！It was nearly midnight when she came back. （it指时间） 她回来时快半夜了。 It was very quiet in the café. （it指环境） 咖啡馆里静悄悄的。 It’s early spring, but it’s already very hot. （前面的it指季节，后面的it指气温） 刚是初春，但是已经很热了。 If it hadn’t been for the snow, we could have climbed over the mountain. （it指情况） 要不是因为下雪，我们可能已经翻越了那座山。 易误辨析 　　区别it，one，it和which 　　it指，而one则This was the last dictionary in that bookstore. So I took it.（it特指前面提到的那本词典） 　　There are many dictionaries in that bookstore. So I bought one. （one泛指其中之一）The head teacher in your class is younger and more active than that in theirs. 你们班的班主任比他们班的班主任年轻而且更活跃。 The students who do best in the exam are not always those with the best brains. 考试考得最好的学生并不总是那些最聪明的学生。 3. that在并列分句中,可以替代前面某一个名词或整个句子内容,可用it替换. She heard a terrible noise, and that brought her heart into her mouth. 她听见一个可怕的声音，让她的心跳到了嗓子眼。 4. it和which都可以用来指某一件事，关键要看中间是否有并列连词，如果有就用it，反之用whichThe Smiths bought a new house, but it will need a lot of work before they can move in. 　　史密斯家买了一座新房子，但是搬进去之前还需要大量的工作。 　　（it 指代前面提到的那所房子，此句的关键词是but） 　　The Smiths bought a new house, which will need a lot of work before they can move in. 　　（因为没有连词，不能用it；which代表先行词house在定语从句中作主语。） 　　He was badly ill, and it made his mother worried. 他病了，那使他母亲很担心。 　　（it指代“他病了”这件事，注意and。） 　　He was badly ill, which made his mother worried. 　　（which代表前面整个主句，在定语从句中作主语）【高清课堂：Unit 语法精讲 】 不定式、动名词或从句都可以作主语，如： To say is one thing, and to do is another. （不定式作主语） 说是一回事，做是另一回事。 Seeing is beli