沈阳选择教育学院2013期复习课英语语法倒装解读.docVIP

沈阳择优家教网2013年高考英语复习专题 倒 装 定义：英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”，如果将谓语的一部分或全部放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装。 倒装既是一种语法手段，也是一种修辞手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。 分类：完全倒装（complete inversion）将谓语的全部放在主语之前， 部分倒装（partial inversion 将部分谓语（如助动词或情态动词），移至主语之前 形式倒装 （formal inversion） 完全倒装 （只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种） 条件：1、用于谓语为独立谓语的一般现在时和一般过去时中 2、主语是名词，是人称代词不倒装 常见的结构有： （1）．there be 句型。? There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. ?? 注意 引导词there 还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。? There lived an old fisherman in the village. ? There stand two white houses by the river.? （2）．用于here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away+动词+主语句型中，（谓语动词常come,go, be, lie,run,rush） ? Here comes the bus．汽车来了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Now comes my turn. 轮到我了。 ? Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。。?注意在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。? Out she went. 她走了。 Here we are. 我们到了。 （3）．表示地点的介词短语位于句首时 谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。 A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill -----At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. ? South of the lake lies a big supermarket. ? On the floor were piles of old books, magazines and newspapers. （4） “表语+连系动词+主语”结构。? Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year. ? Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. ? Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists. （5）such在句首时（不是such…that结构） Such is my brother, a simple man and is keen on writing. Such are facts; no one can deny them. 四、部分倒装（只把be/助动词/情态动词 提前到主语的前面） 1. 含有否定意义的副词或半否定副词放在句首 （如not, seldom, little, hardly, never, rarely, nowhere，barely, scarcely, nowhere, nor, 等）? He can not speak a single word of English. ? ——Not a single word of English can he speak. 他连一个英语单词都不会说。? He cares little about his clothes. ? ——Little does he care about his clothes. 他不在乎穿着。? I have never seen him before. ? ——Never have I seen him before. ? The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 2. 否定含义的副词短语放在句首。 by no means, in no case, in no way, on no account,