专题七：合同和协议翻译.ppt

Topic seven: Translation of contracts; 7.1 Basic Concept of Contract 7.2 The Structure of Contract 7.3 Two Language Features in the Contract Documents  7.4 Following Contractual Norms 7.5 Restructuring the sentence 7.6 Translation Practice ;7.1 Basic Concept of ContractAn agreement between two or more parties that is enforceable by law, a legally enforceable and legally binding agreement. Contract is a legally enforceable agreement.;99年中国《合同法》:  Contracts referred to in this Law are agreements establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations. 合同英语属于庄重文体（frozen style），是各种英语文体中正式程度最高的一种。总体来说，这种正式性体现在内容的专业性、语言的严谨性和结??的完整性等方面。;A recent definition of contract is “the relations among parties to the process of projecting exchange into the future.” One of the merits of this definition is that it stresses that a contract establishes an interrelationship among the contracting parties that is broader than their promises and agreement.;7.2 The Structure of Contract/Standardizing the Structure规范合同结构? 7.2.1 Preamble of a contract 7.2.2 Main body of a contract 7.2.3 Final clauses of a contract/witness clause（结尾条款）;How to check the contracts? *Validity Clause of Contracts*Definition and Whereas（定义条款和补充条款）*Assignment and Guaranty（合同让与和保证） *Rescission and Termination（废除和终止） *Default and Escape（违约和逃避） *Arbitration and Jurisdiction; 7.2.1 Preamble of a contract 国际商务合同的前言部分，主要包括两个方面的内容： 其一，说明合同签订的时间、地点以及合同双方的名称、营业地点、依某国某法成立和存在。 其二，“鉴于条款”（whereas clause），说明签订合同的背景情况以及签约的目的和原则。;Example: (1) THIS CONTRACT, made and entered into in (place of signature) on this __ day of __ , 20__, 本合同于20__年__月__日在（签约地点） by and between (name of the party), a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of country) with its domicile at (address) (hereinafter referr