抽水蓄能机组自动同期系统设计特点研究.DOC

抽水蓄能机组同期装置特点及其改进 贺儒飞 （广州蓄能水电厂，广东 广州 510950） 摘要：安全快速是对机组同期并网的普遍要求，对于蓄能机组，由于其在系统内的定位和作用，这一要求就显得更加突出，而同期装置则是决定机组同期性能的最关键的元件。以往对同期装置的研究主要是针对常规机组，蓄能机组与常规机组相比，工况和接线方式差别很大，同期装置及其设计也有很多不同之处。本文从蓄能机组的工况特征和接线方式入手，对抽水蓄能机组同期的主要特点，尤其是不同工况下的相序特征进行了分析，揭示了蓄能机组和常规机组同期的本质区别。通过这些分析，本文还指出了当前抽水蓄能机组同期装置及回路设计中存在的风险和缺陷，并提出了改进建议和方案。 关键词：抽水蓄能机组；同期装置；相序转换；工况 Characteristics of pumped storage generator synchronization device and its improvement He Ru-fei (Guangzhou Pumped Storage Power Station，Guangzhou 510950，China) Abstract：Safety and fast response are the common requirement of generator synchronization. For pumped storage generator, such requirement is more important because of the special role and effect in the power system. Synchronization device is the most critical element in the process of generator synchronization. Most previous study of synchronization device is mainly focus on the regular generator which is quite different in operation mode and wiring compared to the pumped storage generator. And the design of synchronization device is also very different between regular and pumped storage generator. Based on the operation mode feature and wiring feature , this paper analyzes the main characteristic of pumped storage generator synchronization, especially the phase sequence feature in different operation mode, and demonstrates the essential difference between regular and pumped storage generator. Through such analysis, this paper also indicates defect in the current design of synchronization circuit of pumped storage generator, and provides the improvement proposal. Key words：pumped storage generator；synchronization device；phases converting；operation mode 0 引言 同期装置是发电机重要的二次控制设备，与发电机的并网安全密切相关。如果因同期装置或其回路发生问题造成非同期并网，对发电机的电气和机械部件的冲击不亚于短路，其后果将是灾难性的。对于蓄能机组而言，因其担负着调峰调频和事故备用的重任，且启动频繁，同期系统的快速性、安全性、可靠性就更加重要。蓄能机组与常规机组相比，因具备多种运行工况和启动方式，其同期也有着明显的差异。当前专门针对蓄能机组同期的研究尚属空白，国内厂家一般仍沿用常规机组的同期思路。国外有部分厂家针对蓄能机组的特点已经采取了有针对性的设计[4]，但还不够深入，不能完全满足蓄能机组的同期需求。本文通过分析蓄能机组本身的特征，结合现在主流的蓄能同期设计，对蓄能同期的特点、风险点和设计要求进行了探讨