自行车骑行效率的影响因素研究进展_马国强.pdfVIP

Sp 年 第 卷 第 期 ortScienceResearch 016 7 体育科研 2 3 4 自行车骑行效率的影响因素研究进展 马国强1 ，刘 茂2 ，唐 琪2 摘 要： 自行车骑行效率通常被定义为自行车骑行过程中一定氧耗和能耗水平下的功率输 出， 自行车骑行能力的增强，多伴随骑行效率的提高。 性别、年龄、骨骼肌纤维类型的差异会 对骑行效率产生不同影响； 而自行车骑行过程中踏蹬技术、 身体姿态，甚至运动器材的变 化，则可通过改变踏蹬过程中骨骼肌发力和能耗影响骑行效率；专业自行车运动员的骑行 效率与训练强度呈正相关关系，阶段性的肌力或专项训练可能通过提高做功和能量节省化 促进骑行效率的提高。 关键词： 自行车；骑行效率 中图分类号： G804.5 文献标志码： A 文章编号：1006-1207 （2016 ）04 -0091-04 Research Progress about the Influencing Factors of Cycling Efficiency MA Guoqiang1, LIU Mao2 , TANG Qi2 ( 1. Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science, Shanghai 200030, China; 2. Shanghai Technical Sports Insti- tute, Shanghai 201100, China) Abstract:Cycling efficiency is generally defined as the power output due to a certain level of oxygen and ener- 运 gy consumption during riding. The improvement of riding capacity is always accompanied with increased cy- cling efficiency. Gender, age and skeletal muscle fiber type may have different effect on cycling efficiency. And the changes of pedaling technique, body posture and bicycle equipment can affect cycling efficiency by altering 动 the power of pedal muscle and energy consumption in the course of pedaling. The cycling efficiency of a pro- 解 fessional cyclist is positively correlated to training intensity. Periodical musc