reactions required heating in hkcee chemistry 需要加热的反应.doc

? by A. Fung Require heating p.1 Reactions required heating in HKCEE Chemistry 需要加熱的反應 1. Burning / combustion 燃燒 (a) Burning of metals 4 Na + O2 2 Na2O 燃燒金屬 2 Mg + O2 2 MgO 4 Al + 3 O2 2 Al2O3 (b) Burning of non-metals C + O2 CO2 燃燒非金屬 S + O2 SO2 Burning of petroleum fuel 燃燒石油產品的燃料 (CxHy) Flame 火焰 Burning of methane 甲烷 CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O blue 藍色 Burning of butane 丁烷 2 C4H10 + 13 O2 8 CO2 + 10 H2O orange 橙色 Burning of diesel oil 柴油 2 C20H42 + 61 O2 40 CO2 + 42 H2O orange, sooty 橙色、有黑煙 (d) Hydrogen gas gives a ‘pop’ sound with a burning splint. 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O 氫氣和燃燒中木條發出「噗」聲。 (e) Heating CO with air to form CO2. 2 CO+ O2 2 CO2 在空氣中燃燒一氧化碳產生二氧化碳。 2. Reduction of metal ores (ionic compound of metals) 把金屬礦物還原(金屬離子化合物) 2 CuO + C 2 Cu + CO2 CuO + CO Cu + CO2 CuO + H2 Cu + H2O 2 HgO (s) 2 Hg (l) + O2 (g) 2 Ag2O (s) 4 Ag (s) + O2 (g) 3. Test for ammonium ion：adding NaOH and heat 測試銨離子：加入NaOH並加熱 NH4+ + OH－ NH3 + H2 O 4. Copper reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid (strong oxidizing agent) 銅和濃硫酸(強氧化劑)反應 Cu + 4H+ + SO42( Cu2+ + SO2 + 2H2O or Cu + 2 H2SO4 Cu SO4 + SO2 + 2H2O 5. Carbon reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid (strong oxidizing agent) 碳和濃硫酸(強氧化劑)反應 C + 2 H2SO4 CO2 + 2 SO2 + 2H2O ? by A. Fung Require heating p.2 Reactions required heating in HKCEE Chemistry 需要加熱的反應 6. Dehydration of hydrated salts 水合鹽的脫水 CuSO4 ( 5 H2O (s) CuSO4 (s) + 5 H2O (l) 7. Neutralization between