42 言内意义的翻译.PPT

* * 4.2 言内意义的翻译 言内意义指语言符号之间的关系。在词汇层体现在词语的重复、叠词、双关、拈连、一语双叙和音韵等方面。 4.1.1 重复 重复在修辞学上又称反复，是汉语一种常见的语言现象。 重复可分为：连续重复和问隔重复 ·“沉默啊！沉默啊！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭亡。” “Silence! Silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence.” ·于是，暮色中匆匆的人群里，总有我赶路的身影，雨里，雾里，风里，雪里，只盼着早些回家…… Thus the gathering dusk often finds me hastening home in a hurrying crowd. Whether it rains or snows, windy or foggy, it is the longing to be home that quickens my step.（虞艳译） 4.1.2 叠词 叠词是汉语中一种常见的语言形象，即将两个音、形、义完全相同的词重叠使用，增加语言的生动性与形象性。 寻寻觅觅， 冷冷清清， 凄凄惨惨戚戚。 …… 梧桐更兼细雨， 到黄昏， 点点滴滴。 …… （李清照词《声声慢》） I look for what I miss, I know not what it is, I so sad, so drear, So lonely, without cheer. … On parasol-trees a fine rain drizzles As twilight grizzles. … （许渊冲译） So dim，so dark，so dense，so dull，so damp，so dank. so dead.（林语堂译） 4.1.2.1叠词的修辞功能 （1）韵律美 ·无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。（杜甫《登高》） The boundless forest sheds its leaves shower by shower The endless River rolls its waves hour after hour. （许渊冲译） （2）意象美 ·行行过太行，迢迢赴延安。细细河故旧，星星数鬓斑。 On and on past Taihang we walk， By and by to Yan’an we make our way． Again and again with old friends we talk， One by one we count our hair gray。（许渊冲译） （3）表达美 《红楼梦》十二支曲之一的“聪明累”中，使用了五对叠词。 ·机关算尽太聪明，反算了卿卿性命。生前心已碎，死后性空灵。家富人宁，终有个家亡人散各奔腾。枉费了，意悬悬半世心，好似，荡悠悠三更梦。呼啦啦似大厦倾，昏惨惨似灯将尽。呀！一场欢喜忽悲辛。叹人世，终难定！ Too shred by half，with such finesse you wrought That your own life in your own toils was caught； But long before you died your heart was slain， And when you died your spirit walked in vain， Fall’n the great house once so secure in wealth， Each scattered member shifting for himself； And half a life-time’s anxious schemes， Proved no more than the stuff of dreams． Like a great building’s tottering crash， Like flickering lampwick burned to ash， Your scene of happiness concludes in grief： For worldly bliss is always Insecure and brief． （David Hawks 译） 4.1.2.2 汉语叠词的翻译方法 （1）将汉语叠词译成英语的平行结