浅谈地下工程漏水及处理方法.docVIP

浅谈地下工程漏水及处理方法【摘 要】地下工程的渗漏水原因很多,有客观原因也有人为因素,两者往往相互牵连。同时地下工程墙、底永远浸在地下水中,由于防水材料不能与结构同寿命,又无法修补外防水,所以地下工程的渗漏水是普遍存在的现象,漏水形式也多种多样。为了提供多种解决地下工程渗漏水的方法,本文根据“堵排结合,因地制宜,刚柔相济,综合治理”的原则,从事故特征、原因分析、处理方法三个方面列举几种常见的地下工程漏水。供从事这方面工作的人员参考应用。 【关键词】地下工程漏水;处理方法 Discussion of leaking underground engineering and the processing methods Guo Junxin 【Abstract】There are many reasons cause the water leakage of underground engineering. Some are objective reasons and some are human factors. The two are often inter-linked. Walls and bottoms of the underground works are always immersed in groundwater. Meanwhile, as waterproof materials and structures can not be the same life expectancy and it is unable to repair external waterproofing, the leakage of underground engineering is a common phenomenon. In addition, there is variety of forms of leakage. In order to provide a variety of underground works to solve the water seepage method, the article based on four principles, the first, combination of block row, the second, adapted to local conditions, the third, hardness and softness, the fourth, comprehensive management. It listed several common leaking underground engineering from three aspects, such as, accident Characteristics, causes analysis and processing method for staff working in this field refer to Application. 【Key words】Underground leaks, processing method 地下工程的渗漏水是普遍存在的现象,漏水形式也多种多样。治理方法的提法比较多:如“大漏变小漏,缝漏变点漏,片漏变孔漏,逐渐缩小渗漏水范围,最后堵住漏水”。又如“拱顶以排为主,侧墙以堵为主”或“拱堵侧排”等。这些提法都是从某一工程的堵漏特点出发,具有一定的局限性。渗漏水治理是一个综合过程,由于漏水形式千变万化,因此在渗漏水治理时应根据工程的不同漏水情况采用“堵排结合,因地制宜,刚柔相济,综合治理”的原则,依据此原则下面列举几种常见的地下工程漏水处理方法,供从事这方面工作的人员参考应用,灵活掌握。 1. 混凝土墙裂缝漏水 (1)事故特征:混凝土墙的裂缝一般都是垂直裂缝,位置在变截面处。裂缝有的不贯穿、有的贯穿,但均渗漏水。 (2)原因分析:①发现裂缝的原因较多,主要是早期混凝土的抗拉强度和弹性模量较低,此时若温差过大,当温差应力大于混凝土的抗拉强度时,就会产生裂缝。②裂缝与混凝土组成材料有关,即与水泥质量,水泥用量,砂、石含泥量,材料配合比、计量,外加剂品种等有关。③有的地下室墙体的水平钢筋截面小于φ12,间距大于150mm,就容易产生裂缝。 (3)处理方法:①墙外没有回填土的地下室,可采用氰凝浆液或环氧树脂浆灌注缝隙,凝固后可使裂缝封闭,混凝土也可恢复原有的功能,防止钢筋锈蚀和地下水渗漏。用最佳含水量的粘土,按规定分层夯填密实,减少水的渗透系数,也可防治渗漏水。②室外已经回填土的地下室,采用氰凝浆液,用压注法灌注缝隙。经灌注