增施有机肥对大棚嫁接番茄生长发育及品质影响.pdfVIP

摘 要 番茄在我国是主要的蔬菜栽培品种之一本试验主要针对有机肥的施用特点和人 们食品安全意识日益提高的现状，研究增施有机肥对嫁接番茄在生长发育、品质、 产量的影响。研究结果表明： 1．增施有机肥可促进番茄自根苗和嫁接苗的生长发育。相同有机肥施用水平下， 嫁接能够促进植株的茎粗,增加植株的花序数，有利于番茄早期形成壮苗、促进发育。 嫁接在一定程度上抑制了植株的生长高度,说明番茄嫁接可适当密植栽培。 2．增施有机肥和嫁接都能够有效提高植株功能叶片中的叶绿素含量，促进叶片 进行光合作用。促进植株有机物质和营养的形成和积累。 3．增施有机肥可使番茄 自根苗与嫁接苗果实中的可溶性糖含量有所减少。嫁接 栽培能够提高果实中可溶性糖、游离氨基酸含量，抑制果实中硝酸盐含量的积累， 说明嫁接能够起到改善果实品质的作用。 4．有机肥施用量的提高能够促进植株生物量的增加，促进植株各部分器官的鲜 重及干物质的积累。相同施肥水平下，嫁接能够促进植株地下部的生长,提高地下部 的吸收能力,从而促进地上部植株各器官的生长发育。 5．增施有机肥能够有效提高番茄嫁接苗和自根苗的产量，但对植株单果重影响 并不明显。当在增施用有机肥的条件下，果实增产效益显著。在增施有机肥的条件 下采用嫁接栽培可以确保番茄高产。综合分析本试验处理嫁接苗在有机肥使用量为 2 15000kg/667m 嫁接栽培 （J-3）条件下增产效果最佳。 关键词：有机肥；嫁接；番茄；品质；产量 Adding organic fertilizer on tomato growth and quality of greenhouse grafting Abstract Tomato is one of the staple vegetables in cultivars in China. According to the organic fertilizer characteristic and the promotion of food safety consciousness, the present study was undertaken to examine the change in growth 、quality、yield by adding apply organic fertilizer and grafting. The results show that : 1. Adding apply organic fertilizer can promote the tomato growth of self-rooted and grafted tomato. Under the same level of fertilizer, grafting can promote the stem diameter, and inflorescence, which is beneficial to strengthen seeding early and development. How ever, grafting restrains the stem length and it indicates that grafting is suitable for high de nsity cultivation. 2. Organic fertilizer and grafting can improve the chlorophyll content of the leaves of tomato and promote photosynthesis. It also can promote the form and accumulation of or ganics and nutrients. 3. The contents soluble sugar decreased. It shows that plant growth can be driven by organic fertilizer which can restrain the accumulation of soluble sugar. Meanwhile, g