云南属都湖沉积物金属元素地球化学 - 湖泊科学.PDF

J. Lake Sci.(湖泊科学), 2008, 20(4): 486-491 . E-mail: jlakes@ ©2008 by Journal of Lake Sciences 云南属都湖沉积物金属元素地球化学* 1,2 1 1 1 姚 远 , 张恩楼 , 沈 吉 , 蒋庆丰 (1: 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 南京210008) (2: 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049) 摘 要: 通过对属都湖短岩芯Esdr1 重金属元素的分析, 结合沉积物粒度、流域降水和人类活动资料, 讨论属都湖沉积物金属 元素地球化学变化特征. 结果表明, 沉积物中 Al 、Mg 、Co 、Zn 、Cr、Ti 、V 、Cu、Ni 等元素含量变化与粘土含量、夏季降 水量显著相关, 降水导致的流域侵蚀强弱变化是影响元素含量变化的主要因素. 元素Pb 含量从岩芯底部到顶部总体呈上升趋 势, 25-17.5cm 沉积物中Pb 含量较稳定主要为自然侵蚀过程控制; 17.5-10.5cm 沉积物中Pb 含量迅速增加后逐渐降低推测为 20 世纪50 年代湖区附近矿山开采产生的粉尘沉降的影响; 10.5-0cm Pb 含量逐渐增加, 80 年代以后大气中Pb 含量上升, Pb 在 流域的干湿沉降应是岩芯上部 Pb 含量升高的原因. 在氧化还原作用下沉积物中 Fe 、Mn 易在沉积物－水界面发生再迁移, 25-7.5cm 沉积物中的Fe 、Mn 含量变化特征为沉积后再迁移作用的结果; 7.5-0cm Fe 和Mn 含量明显上升, 夏季降水量增加 导致流域侵蚀增强和土壤的潜育化可能是岩芯上部Fe 、Mn 含量显著上升的原因. 关键词: 金属元素; 聚类分析; 湖泊沉积; 流域侵蚀; 大气铅污染; 属都湖 Metals geochemistry of the sediments of Lake Shudu, Yunnan Province 1,2 1 1 1 YAO Yuan , ZHANG Enlou , SHEN Ji JIANG Qingfeng (1: Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R.China) (2: Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China) Abstract : Metal profiles of short sediment cores were drilled from Lake Shudu located in Xianggelila County, northwestern Yunnan Province. Core samples were dated by measuring anthropogenic 137Cs. Cluster analysis showed that metals in the core sediments were divided into two groups. The first group of metals (Al, Mg, Co, Zn, Cr, Ti, V, Cu, Ni) has similar concentration profiles to that of clay concentration. Metal concentrations are low at 25-10.25cm and increase towards the surface. The first group metal concentrations are mainly influenced by summer precipitation. The second group metal has different features: at the bottom of the cor