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翻译英文

A technical note on the characterization of electroformed nickel shells for their application to injection molds a ——UniversidaddeLasPalmasdeGranCanaria,DepartamentodeIngenieria Mecanica, Spain Abstract The techniques of rapid prototyping and rapid tooling have been widely developed during the last years. In this article, electroforming as a procedure to make cores for plastics injection molds is analysed. Shells are obtained from models manufactured through rapid prototyping using the FDM system. The main objective is to analyze the mechanical features of electroformed nickel shells, studying different aspects related to their metallographic structure, hardness, internal stresses and possible failures, by relating these features to the parameters of productionoftheshellswith anelectroformingequipment.Finallyacore was tested in an injection mold. Keywords: Electroplating;Electroforming;Microstructure;Nickel 1. Introduction One of the most important challenges with which modern industry comes across is to offer the consumer better productswith outstanding variety andtimevariability (new designs).Forthisreason,modern industrymust bemoreandmore competitiveand ithastoproducewith acceptable costs. Thereisnodoubtthatcombiningthetimevariableandthequalityvariable is not easy because they frequently condition one another; the technologicaladvances intheproductive systemsaregoingtopermitthat combination tobemore efficientand feasible in away that, for example, if it isobserved the evolution of the systemsand techniquesofplastics injection, we arrive at the conclusion that, in fact, it takes less and less time to put a new product on the market and with higher levels of quality.Themanufacturingtechnologyofrapidtooling is, in thisfield, oneof those technologicaladvancesthatmakespossible the improvements in the processes of designing and manufacturing injected parts. Rapid tooling techniques are basically composed of a collection ofprocedur

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