Analysis on the applicability of direct current electrical potential method to the detection of damage by multiple small internal cracks：（分析直流电势方法的适用性由多个小内部裂缝损伤的检测）.pdfVIP

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Analysis on the applicability of direct current electrical potential method to the detection of damage by multiple small internal cracks：（分析直流电势方法的适用性由多个小内部裂缝损伤的检测）.pdf

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International Journal of Fracture 85: 1–9, 1997. c 1997 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Analysis on the applicability of direct current electrical potential method to the detection of damage by multiple small internal cracks N. TADA, Y. HAYASHI, T. KITAMURA and R. OHTANI Department of Engineering Physics and Mechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-hommachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-01, Japan Received 29 November 1996; accepted in revised form 30 June 1997 Abstract. The direct current electric potential around a number of penny-shaped cracks was analyzed by Crack- Flow Modiﬁcation Method (CFMM) in order to investigate the applicability of the Direct Current Electrical Potential Method (DC-EPM) to the detection of damage due to multiple small internal cracks. The potential difference was calculated for the cracking process in a smooth round bar specimen of a Type 304 stainless steel under a creep-fatigue condition. It was clariﬁed by the analysis that, in the case of the present creep-fatigue test, damage could be detected at about a half of the lifetime assuming that a change of 1 percent in the potential difference was measurable by a voltmeter. 1. Introduction The Direct Current Electrical Potential Method (DC-EPM) is now widely accepted as one of the best non-destructive methods for measuring the length of a large crack during crack propagation test because of the excellent stability and the reasonable cost of facilities (Johnson, 1965; Saxena, 1980; Beevers, 1980; Gangloff, 1981; McKeighen et al., 1995). However, the DC-EPM has never been applied to the detection and evaluation of multiple small cracks even though they are often observed in the failure of steels and alloys under creep, low-cycle fatigue and corrosion-fatigue conditions. One of the main reasons is that it is difﬁcult to derive a calibration curve for multiple cracks, i.e., the rel