scles of limb.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * The muscles of lower limb 下肢肌 The muscles of lower limb are divided into: The muscles of Hip Thigh Leg foot * 一、The muscles of Hip 髋肌 （一）Anterior group 1、Iliopsoas 髂腰肌 Psoas major 腰大肌 起自椎体侧面和横突 Iliacus 髂肌 起自髂窝 Action：flexes the thigh and rotate thigh laterally。 下肢固定时，可使躯干和骨盆前屈。 腰大肌 髂肌 2、tensor fasciae latae 阔筋膜张肌: 使阔筋膜紧张并屈髋。 阔筋膜张肌 止于股骨小转子lesser trochanter * （二）posterior group 1、 Gluteus Maximus 臀大肌 Action： extend the thigh and rotate the thigh laterally 使大腿后伸和外旋 2、 Piriformis 梨状肌 Action： rotate and abduct the thigh laterally 外旋外展大腿 Piriformis Piriformis * piriformis Gluteus medius Gluteas minimus Obturator inernus Quadratus femoris Gluteus medius 臀中肌 Gluteus minimus 臀小肌 Action：abdut the thigh 外展大腿 rotate thigh laterally Obturator internus闭孔内肌 Quadratus femoris股方肌 Obturator externus闭孔外肌 * 二、 The muscles of thigh 大腿肌 （一）Anterior group 1、Sartorius 缝匠肌 Action： flexes the thigh and the leg ，When the knee is flexed, it medially rotates the leg. 2、Quadriceps Femoris 股四头肌 Rectus femoris 股直肌 Vastue lateralis 股外侧肌 Vastus medialis 股内侧肌 Vastus untermedius 股中间肌 缝匠肌 股直肌 Origin: anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: the upper part of the medial surface of the tibia * 二、 The muscles of thigh 大腿肌 2、Quadriceps Femoris 股四头肌 Action： extend the leg ; rectus femoris also flexes the thigh 屈大腿作用 股直肌 Origin: Rectus femoris: anterior inferior iliac spine Vastus medialis: medial lip of linea aspera Vastus lateralis: lateral lip of linea aspera Vastus intermedius: anterior surface of femur Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament * Adductor longus长收肌 Pectineus m.耻骨肌 Gracilis m.股薄肌 Addcor magnus 大收肌 Adductor bravis 短收肌 （二）Medial group Adduct and rotate the thigh laterally 耻骨、股薄、三收肌 * （三）posterior group 1、 Biceps Femoris 股二头肌 Action： extend the thigh and flexe