种新的CD4细胞计数方法(上海汇中).pptVIP

* CD4 cells, also known as helper T-cells, are a type of lymphocyte, which is a white blood cell that plays an important role in the immune system. Lymphocytes control the bodys ability to recognize and fight infections and cancers. CD4 lymphocytes help to identify, attack, and destroy specific bacteria, fungi, and other germs that infect the body. In addition, they regulate the production of antibodies (proteins that fight infections) and cytokines (chemicals that regulate other immune functions). CD4 cells are produced in the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus gland, and they circulate throughout the body in the bloodstream. * So the CD4 cell count is a laboratory marker of the strength of your immune system. It helps to determine how advanced your HIV disease is (staging) and to predict your risk of complications (prognosis). Normal CD4 counts in adults range from 500 to 1,500 cells per cubic millimeter of blood. In general, the CD4 count goes down as HIVdisease progresses. Any single CD4 count value may differ from the last one even though your health status has not changed. You should not place too much importance on any one result. What is more important than any single value is the pattern of CD4 counts over time. If your CD4 count declines over several months, your doctor may recommend beginning or changing anti-HIV treatment and/or starting preventive treatment for opportunistic infections like Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Your CD4 count should increase or stabilize in response to effective combination anti-HIV therapy. According to public health guidelines, preventive therapy should be started when an HIV-positive person who has no symptoms registers a CD4 count under 350. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers HIV-infected persons who have CD4 counts below 200 to have AIDS, regardless of whether they are sick or well. * The standard method for determining CD4 cell count uses flow cytometers and hematology analyzers. It is obtaine