塑性预变形对316L 奥氏体不锈钢氢脆的影响Effect of plastic pre.PDF

塑性预变形对316L 奥氏体不锈钢氢脆的影响 董伟南，王艳飞，巩建鸣 （南京工业大学 机械与动力工程学院 211816 南京） 摘要：通过对不同塑性预变形程度的316L 奥氏体不锈钢板试样电化学充氢后进行拉伸试验，研究了 塑性预变形对316L 奥氏体不锈钢氢脆的影响。结果表明，随着塑性预变形程度的增加，316L 的屈 服强度和抗拉强度均增加，但塑性降低，充氢后316L 的强度变化不大，但塑性进一步降低，充氢导 致了316L 不锈钢发生塑性损减，且随着塑性预变形程度的增加，氢致塑性损减的程度增加，这表明 塑性预变形导致材料的氢脆敏感性增加。 关键词：316L 奥氏体不锈钢，预变形，氢脆，塑性损减 Effect of plastic pre-deformation on hydrogen embrittlement of 316L austenitic stainless steel DONG Wei-nan, WANG Yan-fei , GONG Jian-ming （College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing 211816, China ） Abstract ：The effect of variations in plastic pre-deformation percentage on the hydrogen embrittlement of 316L austenitic stainless steel plate specimens was investigated by hydrogen pre-charging and tensile tests. Specimens were firstly strained to 6%, 10%, 15% and 20% of plastic strains and then hydrogen charged. After charging, the specimens were tensile to facture. The results showed that, with the increase of plastic pre-deformation percentage, the yield strength and tensile strength of 316L increased, but plasticity decreased. The strength of 316L was less affected by hydrogen charging, but the plasticity was further decreased, indicating that hydrogen embrittlement occurred. Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of 316L was highly dependent on the amount of plastic deformation, and the plasticity loss increased with the plastic pre-deformation increasing. Key Words: 316L austenitic stainless steel; Pre-deformation; Hydrogen embrittlement; Plasticity loss 0 引言 奥氏体不锈钢具有较低的氢脆敏感性，因而广泛应用于各种含氢环境中，但近年来，研究表明 奥氏体不锈钢在含氢后仍可发生一定程度的氢脆，表现为疲劳寿命明显缩短以及塑性损减等，其中 塑性减损为奥氏体不锈钢氢脆的主要表现形式，并且损减的程度与温度、应变速率、合金成分以及 [1- 3] 组织结构等诸多因素有关 。奥氏体不锈钢在实际投入使用前，常会发生塑性变形，如在成形加工 阶段发生的塑性变形。此外，由于