第一节术前准备（Section 1 preoperative preparation）.docVIP

第一节术前准备（Section 1 preoperative preparation） The operation is gentle, reduce tissue damage and so on to prevent the operation of wild infection is an important link. The following conditions require preventive application! Antibiotics: ① involves the operation of an infected lesion or incision near the infected area, ② intestinal surgery, ③ operation time, trauma, Large surgery; ④ open wounds, contaminated wounds, or extensive soft tissue injury, trauma to the time interval to implement Debridement Longer, or the time required for debridement is long and difficult to completely clear the creators; ⑤ cancer surgery; ⑥ involves the operation of large vessels; ⑦ need the operation of artificial products, ⑧ organ transplant. (4) Calories, protein and vitamins: due to surgical trauma and preoperative and postoperative dietary restrictions, the body will inevitably consume Increased calorie, protein and vitamin intake, which affects tissue repair and wound healing, and weakens the defense of infection Ability。 Therefore, patients should be supplemented with adequate calories, proteins and vitamins before operation. (5) Gastrointestinal preparation: Start fasting 8-12 hours before operation, 4 hours before the beginning of the prohibition of drinking water, in order to prevent Vomiting during a drunken or surgical procedure that causes asphyxiation or aspiration of human-induced pneumonia. Use gastrointestinal decompression if necessary. Involving gastrointestinal surgery , the first 1-2 days before the start of the liquid diet, there are pyloric obstruction of patients, need to wash the stomach before surgery. To the general hand { And, where appropriate, a soap-water enema on the day before the operation. If a colon or rectum operation is performed, as appropriate, before the operation And the early morning of the operation cleaning enema or colon lavage, and before the operation 2^-3 days to start oral intestinal bacteria to reduce Less postoperative concurrent infection