初中物理文档（Junior physics document）.docVIP

初中物理文档（Junior physics document） Physical Quantity Unit formula Name Symbol name symbol Quality m kg kg M=PV 温度 t 摄氏度 °C Speed v m/s v=s/t Density p kg/M 3 $literal p=m/v Force (Gravity) F Newton (OX) n g=mg Pressure P-Pascal (KPA) PA p=f/s Work W Joule (KJ) J W=fs Power P Watt (Watts) W p=w/t Current I ampere (Ann) a i=u/r Voltage U volt (kv) v U=ir Resistor r ohm (OU) r=u/i Electric Power W Joule (KJ) J W=uit Power P Watt (W) p=w/t=ui Heat Q joule (KJ) J q=cm (T-t°) Specific heat C kj/(kg °c)/(kg°c) In vacuum, the speed of light 3x108 m/s G 9.8 Newton/kg 15°c air Speed 340 m/s Safety voltage not exceeding 36 volts Summary of basic concepts in junior physics I. Measuring ⒈ length L: Main unit: m; measuring tool: scale; the lower a digits of the minimum scale are estimated when measuring; light years are units of length. ⒉ time t: Main unit: SEC; measuring tools: clocks; stopwatch in laboratories. 1 oclock = 3,600 seconds, 1 seconds =1000 milliseconds. ⒊ mass M: The amount of substance contained in an object is called Mass. Main unit: kilogram; measuring tools: scales; laboratory pallet balances. II. Mechanical movement ⒈ Mechanical Movement: The movement of the objects position. Reference: To judge the movement of an object must choose another object as the standard, the object chosen as the standard is called reference. ⒉ Uniform linear: Two ways to compare the speed of ①: A compares the distances passed in equal time. b Compare the time required to pass the equivalent distance. ② formula: 1 m/s $literal. 6-kilometer/Time. III. Force ⒈ Force F: Force is the action of an object on an object. The force between objects is always interacting with each other. Unit of force: Newton (N). Measuring force instrument: dynamometer; The effect of the force: to cause the object to deform or to change the motion state of the object. The change of motion state of an object refers to the change of velocity or direction of motion. Three elements of the ⒉ force: the size, direction,