大学英语翻译教程第二讲分解.ppt

LOGO 第2讲 翻译的过程 Contents 2.1 正确理解 1. 2.2 妥帖表达 2. 2.3 细致校核 3. 2.1 正确理解 理解是英汉翻译过程中的第一步，是表达的先决条件。 （1）For over half a century it has proved almost impossible to achieve any broad measure of agreement on a definition of democracy. 2）The Prime Minister said that if Parliament went against him on the crucial issue of our joining the Common Market, he would be forced to go to the country. 3）We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. 4）During one four-year period about 600 years ago, the Black Death killed at least 25 million people in Europe. 2.1 正确理解 应当先从以下几个方面入手： 第一，确切理解有关单词的意义 第二，确切理解有关习语的意义 第三，弄清句子结构，明辨语法关系 第四，了解背景知识，透彻理解原文 第一，确切理解有关单词的意义 “词典和手表一样：再差的也比没有好，最好的也不会准确无误。” (Dictionaries are like watches: the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true.) 第二，确切理解有关习语的意义 习语在此主要指那些惯用语或固定词组。 (5) The name of the game is controlling the population. (6) There had been a meeting of the minds. (7) Trousers are the order of the day for women when traveling. (8) He is an odd fish; when we are joking, he flies off the handle. (9) What Paul talks is boastful and nonsensical in a fashion. (10) None of his arguments seemed to me to hold water. 第二，确切理解有关习语的意义 英语中有些习语表面上看来同汉语中的某些说法十分相似，但意义却程度不同地存在差异。因此，翻译时要高度警惕这类“假朋友”（false friends），切忌望文生义、不求甚解造成误译。例如： to bark at the moon 　 to be in one’s black book to gild the lily 　　　 to hold one’s horse to call names 　　　to eat one’s words to move heaven and earth to pull one’s leg (to make) small talk 　 a walking skeleton 第三，弄清句子结构，明辨语法关系 要把每句原文译得忠实准确，必须弄清句子的结构，辨明句子内在的语法关系。 (11) They parted good friends. (12) Alexander smells vodka. (13) John finished a poor fourth in the Boston primary. (14) Standing there, you would make an easy target. (15) He was convinced on the basis of what had by then appeared that there would be a lot of trouble ahead. 第三，弄清句子结构，明辨语法关系