研版英语必修五grammar-2.pptVIP

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  • 2017-09-09 发布于湖北
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外研版英语必修五grammar-2

一. 现在完成时既可以与since引导的时间状语从句连用,又可以与since构成的短语连用。 1. since作连词,后跟句子,它所表示的时间是“从某一点开始”。若从句谓语为终止性动词,主句的时间则从这一“时刻”算起。 由since和for构成的句子或短语是现在完成时的常用状语。现就它们的用法作以下归纳。 * 如: He has lived here since he lefts Shanghai. 若从句为延续性或状态性动词,则从其动作结束“那点”算起。例如: It is six years since he was a teacher. (2) I haven’t heard from her since she lived there. * 2. since作介词,后跟表示时间的名词,必须是表示“时间的一点”,不能表示时间的一段。 例如: He has taught at this school since 1965. * 二. 现在完成时与介词for构成的短语连用. 1. 介词for构成的短语,表示时间的长度,后跟一段时间,不能跟时间的一点。 例如: (1) We have studied English for two years. (2) They have known each other for five years. * 2. 终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的介词for连用,但它的否定式可与介词for连用。例如: I have not received his letter for two months. 2) He has had the dictionary for two weeks. (buy 用 have代替) 3) My father has been in the Party for ten years. (join 用 be in) * * . Grammar * Complete the sentences. All languages ______ over a period of time. English ___________ very rapidly. How many people _____ Chinese? I ___________American English is very different from British English. change develop speak think watch grow study change is developing speak don’t think * 5. Millions of people _____ satellite TV every day. 6. The percentage of non-English web pages __________. 7. What languages ___ people ____ in China? 8. What ____ you _________this year? watch is growing do study are studying * 难点剖析: 一般过去时和现在完成时的比较 1. 一般过去时表示过去的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关;而现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在所造成的影响或结果,或表示动作从过去某时持续到现在,与现在有联系。试比较: I opened the window. (现在不一定开着) I’ve just opened the window. (现在仍然开着) * 2. 现在完成时的着眼点不是动作发生的时间,而是动作的结果,因此不能和表示确定的过去时间状语连用,但可与already,just,yet,ever,never,these days,since…,for…,in the past few days等连用; * 而一般过去时则着眼于动作发生的时间,因此若句中有表示过去的时间状语,如yesterday, a moment ago, last night, just now, in 1991等,就要用一般过去时,而不能用现在完成时。如: —Have you had your breakfast yet? —Yes. I had it at six. * 一般过去时与过去完成时的用法区别 1.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,而过去完成时则表示动作或存在的状态是在过去某一时间以前发生的,即“过去的过去”。如: I went to bed after

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