保温瓶自然对流冷却-comsol.pdfVIP

Solved with COMSOL Multiphysics 4.4 Natural Convection Cooling of a Vacuum Flask Introduction This example solves a pure conduction problem and a free-convection problem in which a vacuum flask holding hot coffee dissipates thermal energy. The main interest is to calculate the flask’s cooling power; that is, how much heat it loses per unit time. Figure 1: Schematic picture of the flask (left) and velocity streamlines in the flask model including flow simulation. This example uses two different approaches to model natural convection cooling: • Using heat transfer coefficients to describe the thermal dissipation • Modeling the convective flow of air outside the flask to describe the thermal dissipation The first approach describes the outside heat flux using a heat transfer coefficient function from the Heat Transfer Coefficients library included with the Heat Transfer Module. This results in a rather simple model that predicts the stationary cooling well and produces accurate results for temperature distribution and cooling power. 1 | N A T U R A L C O N V E C T I O N C O O L I N G O F A V A C U U M F L A S K Solved with COMSOL Multiphysics 4.4 The second approach solves for both the total energy balance and the flow equations of the outside cooling air. This model version produces detailed results for the flow field around the flask as well as for the temperature distribution and cooling power. However, it is more complex and requires more computational resources than the first version. Model Definition Figure 2 shows the model geometry. Figure 2: A 3D cut-away drawing (inset) of the flask with coffee; a s