辽工英语专升本讲义-8.被动语态课件.pptVIP

各种时态的被动语态形式 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）am/is /are being done 现在进行时 　　例A new cinema is being built here． 3） has /have been done 现在完成时 　　例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start. 4） was/were done 一般过去时 　　例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） was/were being done 过去进行时 　　例A meeting was being held when I was there. 6） had been done 过去完成时 　　例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 各种时态的被动语态形式 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 　　例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 　　例The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时 　　例The project will have been completed before July. 10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时 例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 练练手吧 The emperor invented tea by accident. Many Chinese can speak English. The teacher made me stand yesterday. The boy broke the door of the class. 动词的被动语态一般不单独考，而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考，只是需要注意以下考点。被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。 其一般形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词 完成式为：情态动词+have been+过去分词 　例: The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. He should have been told about the plan. 2) 双宾语动词的被动结构 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。如果主动结构中的直接宾语变为被动结构中的主语，这时在间接宾语前可用介词to或for。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.或 A present was given to him for his birthday by his mother. 　3) 复合宾语的被动结构 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。　　例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为 A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及