摄影师需要烂熟于心的12条法则.docVIP

摄影师需要烂熟于心的12条法则 摄影师需要烂熟于心的12条法则摄影师需要烂熟于心的12条法则Memorize?This!By?Jason?SchneiderNovember?200412?essential?facts,?formulas,?and?photographic?rules当你的相机系统崩溃时，当高尖端的技术也不管用时,该怎么办？这时就需要依赖自己的知识了。拥有下面这些基本常识绝对是超值,在你一筹莫展的时候,它们有助于帮我们解决困境并拍出好的照片。What?happens?when?your?systems?go?belly-up,?when?all?of?that?cutting-edge?technology?dies?and?you?must?rely?on?(gasp!)?your?own?knowledge??It?pays?to?have?these?basics?in?your?head.?They?can?get?you?out?of?a?jam?and?help?you?get?good?shots?when?nothing?else?will.1、阳光16法则。即在拍摄处于明媚均匀的阳光下的主体时，快门定为感光度倒数，光圈为F16为宜。以此为基准，可以估算出，在海滩用F22光圈，有云的晴天用F11等。1.?Sunny?16?rule：?The?basic?exposure?for?an?average?scene?taken?on?a?bright,?sunny?day?is?f/16?at?a?shutter?speed?equivalent?to?one?over?the?ISO?setting—that?is,?f/16?at?1/100?sec?at?ISO?100.?From?this?you?can?interpolate,?and?try?f/22?at?the?beach,?f/11?on?a?cloudy-bright?day,?etc.2、月光11，8，和5.6法则。摄影月亮的曝光组合有多种。但最为人乐于使用的是11、8和5.6组合。当快门速度为感光度倒数时，满月用F11光圈，半月和3／4月分别用F8和F5.6.2.?Moony?11,?8,?and?5.6?rules：?There?are?many?different?rules?that?work?well?when?shooting?the?moon.?One?favorite?for?a?proper?exposure?of?a?full?moon?is?f/11?at?one?over?the?ISO?setting.?For?pictures?of?a?half?moon,?use?the?same?shutter?speed?at?f/8,?and?for?a?quarter?moon,?use?the?same?shutter?speed?at?f/5.6.3、相机抖动法则。安全的快门速度是焦距的倒数。如使用50毫米的镜头时，如果手持拍摄，速度至少要在1／60以上为宜（当然，防抖头不算）。如果低于此速度，请使用闪光灯，脚架，或为相机找其他支持物。3.?Camera?shake?rule：?The?slowest?shutter?speed?at?which?you?can?safely?handhold?a?camera?is?one?over?the?focal?length?of?the?lens?in?use.?As?shutter?speeds?get?slower,?camera?shake?is?likely?to?result?in?an?increasing?loss?of?sharpness.?So,?if?youre?using?a?50mm?lens,?shoot?at?1/60?sec?or?faster.?Not?enough?light??Use?a?flash,?tripod,?or?brace?your?camera?against?a?solid?ｏｂｊｅｃｔ.4、18％灰测光。用18％中灰板测光会带来最好的效果。如果没有灰板，可以将手掌摊开面向阳光，对手掌测光读数，然后加一档曝光拍摄。（不同的肤色对结果的差别几乎连一档都达不到。）4.?Anatomical?gray?card?Metering?off?an?18-percent?neutral?gray?card?is?a?good?way?to?get?a?midtone?reading?that?will?give?you?a?good?overall?exposur