rflp（限制性片段长度多态性）.docVIP

rflp（限制性片段长度多态性） RFLP analysis 1 Introduction Differences among individuals are essentially differences in DNA levels. This is due to various reasons in the evolution of gene mutation and the molecular structure of DNA rearrangement, resulting in molecular nucleotide sequence change, when this change relates to the restriction enzyme sites, DNA fragment length produced after enzyme digestion will change, restriction fragment length polymorphism in the phenomenon in different between individuals, which is called restriction fragment length polymorphism (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphiems, referred to as RFLP). Polymorphism, that is, non singleton, is not the same. That is, if the two DNA molecules are identical and digest under the same conditions with the same amount of restriction enzyme, the resulting restriction endonuclease spectrum will be the same. If two DNA molecules are basically the same, just have some differences in one or a few, even a very small difference, restriction enzyme two DNA molecular spectrum after digestion bands will appear different, which produce polymorphism. The analysis of these bands yields information about the differences between the two DNA molecular structures. The polymorphism of DNA in accordance with its way basically has two kinds: one is the base of the types of mutations, namely the restriction endonuclease recognition site occurred on a single base substitution (transition or transversion), so that the original point disappear or new point; the other is a structural rearrangement type, which is caused by the change of order the larger by the internal DNA; the cause of this change includes two aspects: one is the DNA sequence mutations, such as deletion, insertion or inversion; two is a highly variable region discovered in recent years. The hypervariable region consists of multiple tandem repeats, usually near the gene. The hypervariable region of individual tandem repeat copy number differences between the hypervaria