scaling step-wise refinement（伸缩步进式细化）.pdfVIP

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, VOL. 30, NO. 6, JUNE 2004 355 Scaling Step-Wise Refinement Don Batory, Member, IEEE, Jacob Neal Sarvela, Student Member, IEEE, and Axel Rauschmayer, Student Member, IEEE Abstract—Step-wise refinement is a powerful paradigm for developing a complex program from a simple program by adding features incrementally. We present the AHEAD (Algebraic Hierarchical Equations for Application Design) model that shows how step-wise refinement scales to synthesize multiple programs and multiple noncode representations. AHEAD shows that software can have an elegant, hierarchical mathematical structure that is expressible as nested sets of equations. We review a tool set that supports AHEAD. As a demonstration of its viability, we have bootstrapped AHEAD tools from equational specifications, refining Java and non- Java artifacts automatically; a task that was accomplished only by ad hoc means previously. Index Terms—Specification, design notations and documentation, representation, design concepts, methodologies, data abstraction, extensible languages, program synthesis, feature-oriented programming, refinement. 1 INTRODUCTION STEP-WISE refinement is a powerful paradigm for devel- too limited. Today’s systems are not individual programs, oping a complex program from a simple program by but rather groups of different programs collaborating in incrementally adding details [17]. The program increments sophisticated ways. Client-server architectures are exam- that we consider in this paper are feature refinements — ples and