systems, advisory systems and safety（系统、咨询系统和安全）.pdfVIP

Systems, Advisory Systems and Safety Carles Sala Oliveras Abstract Increasing the automation level of systems has led to more attention being paid to human control roles and the dependability of systems that comprise operators and machines. When humans build mental models of complex automated systems, they can be faced with problems regarding situation awareness. Moreover, these complex systems may lead to knowledge-based errors in situations where decision-making has to be performed. To cope with such situations, one may wish to consider advisory systems. An advisory system is a type of decision support system that tackles the complexity of systems with regard to human judgement for decision-making. This paper describes an approach to systems, advisory systems and their human use for safe operation. The intention is to initiate a future path for a formal description of systems in which a n advisory system might play a role for their dependability. Keywords: Dependability, Decision Support Systems, Advisory Systems, Safety, Computer Based systems, human error. 1. Introduction The term “computer-based” is used to identify systems which include both computers and humans as essential players. Thus both nuclear reactor control systems and hospital information systems are likely to be computer-based whereas neither a Dickensian ledger system nor a simple thermostat in themselves deserve that classification. Computer-based systems can be used to influence some aspect of the physical world outside of the computer: an obvious case is controlling an aircraft but it could also be the choice and level of drugs administered to a patient. Because of the situations in which computer-based systems occur, the extent to which they are dependab