吸烟的危害（The dangers of smoking）.docVIP

吸烟的危害（The dangers of smoking） Harmful substances in smoke It is a well-known fact that smoking is harmful to health.. Different cigarettes are released with different chemicals, but major chemicals such as tar and carbon monoxide are different. When cigarettes are ignited, substances that are harmful to the body are divided into six broad categories: (1) aldehydes, nitrides, olefins, these substances have a stimulating effect on the respiratory tract. (2) nicotine can stimulate sympathetic nerve and cause blood vessel intima damage. (3) amines, cyanides and heavy metals are toxic substances. (4) arsenic, cadmium, methyl hydrazine, aminophenol, and other radioactive substances. These substances have carcinogenic effects. (5) phenolic compounds and formaldehyde, etc. these substances have the function of accelerating carcinogenesis. (6) carbon monoxide can reduce red blood cells and send oxygen to the whole body. Carcinogenesis Smoking has been recognized as carcinogenic. Epidemiological studies have shown that smoking is one of the most important pathogenic factors of lung cancer, especially squamous cell carcinoma and small cell undifferentiated carcinoma. Smokers are 13 times more likely to develop lung cancer than non-smokers, and if they smoke more than 35 cigarettes a day, the risk is 45 times higher than non-smokers. The lung cancer mortality rate of smokers is 10~13 times higher than non-smokers. About 85% of deaths from lung cancer are caused by smoking. Smokers who are exposed to chemical carcinogens such as asbestos, nickel, uranium and arsenic at the same time have a higher risk of developing lung cancer. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco smoke, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon hydroxylase metabolism after having cytotoxic and induced mutation in the smokers than non-smokers for high concentration hydroxylase. Smoking reduces the activity of natural killer cells, thereby weakening the bodys ability to monitor, kill, and remove tumor cells, fur