静脉输血输液（Venous transfusion）.docVIP

静脉输血输液（Venous transfusion） An intravenous infusion is a method of feeding large amounts of sterile fluids, electrolytes, and drugs into the body by means of atmospheric pressure and hydrostatic pressure. 1. purpose of intravenous infusion 1. supplement blood volume, improve microcirculation, and maintain blood pressure. 2. correct the imbalance of water and electrolyte and maintain acid-base balance. 3. replenish nutrients and provide energy. 4. enter drugs, treat diseases. indication of intravenous infusion of 2. 1. patients with hemorrhage, shock and severe burns. 2. patients with severe nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. 3. patients who are unable to eat orally, patients with dysphagia and gastrointestinal malabsorption. 4. serious infection, edema and other patients. Two, commonly used solution: Provide water and heat, use 5 ~ 10% Glucose Injection. Supply electrolyte: 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 5% glucose, sodium chloride and so on. Adjust acid-base balance: 5% sodium bicarbonate, 11.2% sodium lactate and so on. Increase blood osmotic pressure, increase circulating blood volume, there are all kinds of dextran, 706 generation plasma, etc.. Diuresis dehydration: mannitol, mountain plow alcohol, 50% glucose and so on. The other: for specific therapeutic purposes, such as the concentration of albumin, protein hydrolysate etc. Three, intravenous infusion principle: The quantitative and qualitative analysis, constant speed, first salt sugar, thick to thin, soon after the first slow, see urinary potassium, calcium startle How to prepare liquids When preparing liquid, the principle of aseptic technology operation and the three check and seven counter system should be strictly enforced, and the unqualified liquid medicine shall be avoided to prevent the infusion reaction. Four, how to choose blood vessels?: Five, intravenous infusion (closed type) notes: 1, strict implementation of aseptic operation and check system. 2, pay attention to drug incompatibility, irritatio