交通灯控制电路设计介绍.doc

交通灯控制电路设计 摘 要 传统的交通灯控制电路通常是通过单片机或者可编程逻辑器件实现，而本文介绍了基于现场可编程门阵列技术和Quartus II 开发平台实现十字路口交通灯控制电路的一种方案。 在整个设计过程中，首先设计整体结构框图；然后利用硬件描述语言编写各模块程序，其中主模块实现对交通灯的状态控制以及各模块之间的逻辑控制；状态控制模块利用红绿黄三组发光二极管模拟十字路口交通灯状态，实现对交通灯的状态控制；计时模块实现对事件的计时；时间显示模块实现在LED数码管上的时间显示刷新功能；最后，在Quartus II环境下进行编译、仿真，生成顶层文件后下载到芯片Cyclone EP1C6Q240C8 上进行验证。实验结果表明，该设计基本实现了交通灯控制系统所要求的控制功能，包括倒计时时间显示功能、特殊状态控制功能以及主、支干道的红、黄、绿灯交替显示功能，表明本文所述的设计方案正确。 本文结合交通灯控制电路的设计过程，简单介绍了电子设计自动化以及现场可编程门阵列的基本特点、硬件描述语言设计的优点及GW48实验平台的简单使用，接着又通过详细的设计过程实际验证了该开发环境的优点。通过整个设计过程可以看出现场可编程门阵列在电子系统设计中的重要地位和美好前景。 关键词：交通灯控制电路，EDA , VHDL ，FPGA ，Quartus II ABSTRACT The traditional traffic light control system majority realizes through the monolithic integrated circuit or programable logic devices. This article introduced one kind of plan which is based on FPGA and Quartus II programming environment to realize the crossroad street intersection traffic light control system. In the process of this design, the first thing is to design the overall block diagram. Then use the VHDL hardware description language to write the program of each block. The function of the master block is to control the states of traffic lights and other blocks; the state control block use three sets of red, green and yellow light-emitting diode to simulation the state of traffic lights; the timing block is to count the time of each state; the time display block is to refresh the time on the LED. The procedures of each model have been carried on the translation and simulation under the environment of Quartus II of Altera Corporation, and downloaded on the component Cyclone EP1C6Q240C8. The countdown time demonstrating the controlling process basically, including the countdown time demonstrating the function, the special state control funtion and the main and the branch roads’ red, yellow, and green light demonstrating the function alternately, the confirmation result indicates that the system’s design proposal is accurate. This article unifie the traffic light control system design