机头与钻针：刀刃.docxVIP

修复/工艺版文献翻译活动第18期(09.12)5. burs handpiece: the cutting edgeDr. David LittleAbstractDental handpieces and burs are among the most frequently used mechanical devices in dentistry. Handpieces have evolved from primitive cutting tools introduced in the nineteenth century to highly efficient and sophisticated devices. Traditional hndpiecesare either air-driven or electrically driven. A more recent mtroduction utilizes technology from both air-driven and electric handpieces,and includes a control mechanism to adapt torque to clinical situations. Burs for dental procedures typically are fabricated from tungsten carbide or diamond particle coatings, with ceramic and zirconia burs also available. Bur designs include many configurations and sizes, with bur selection depending on the type of procedure,the clinicians preference and the burs overall effectiveness. The selection of an appropriate handpiece and appropriate burs is key for the safe and effective removal of dental hard tissues and caries inan efficient manner that also maximizes ergonomics for the clinician and minimizes patient discomfort. Handpieces and burs become contaminated during dental procedures. To prevent any risk of cross-infection from these devices, all handpieces and burs should be heat sterilized between patients in accordance with the recentlypublished, updated guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.翻译者:sue_gao机头和钻针：刀刃学习目标：本文的总体目标是为临床医师提供机头和钻针技术方面的信息，以及最新的牙科手机和钻针消毒指南。在完成本课程的基础上，医师需按以下做：1、??描述机头的历史发展。2、??描述现在使用的机头类型及优缺点。3、??描述现在使用的钻针类型及他们在牙科操作中的特殊用途。4、??描述确保机头和钻针的消毒的合适方法。摘要：牙科手机和钻针是牙医最常使用的器械。机头的进化从十九世纪的原始的切削工具，到高效复杂精密的器械。传统机头不是电动就是气动。一个更近的产品利用电动和气动机头的技术，也包括控制机制去适应临床中的转矩。牙科操作使用的钻针通常由钨钢或金刚砂制成，也有陶瓷和氧化锆钻针。钻针的设计包括许多结构和型号，钻针的选择依据操作类型，医师偏好和钻针的总体效果。选择合适的机头和钻针高效是安全有效去除牙硬组织和龋坏的关键，可以有效发挥医师最大效能，减少患者不适。机头和钻针在使用中污染。为防止这些器械交叉感染，根据疾病防控中心新近发行的最新指南，所有机头和钻针在每位患者使用后都应该高温消毒。介绍：机头和钻针是牙科最常使用的器械。高速机头用于修复和牙体，而低速机头用于修复，牙周手术，牙体，正畸，预防和技工室。随着James B. Morrison1871年获得专利，第一个商业脚踏式引擎或钻头产生了。近半个世纪前，牙医们依然使用传送带动力（