曼昆《经济学原理第三版》第13-23章(下)微观分册原版中英文双语PPT(很经典).ppt

;;The Market Forces of Supply and Demand;供给与需求的市场力量;WHAT ARE COSTS?;什么是成本?;WHAT ARE COSTS?;什么是成本?;;;Costs as Opportunity Costs;成本是机会成本;;;;;;Table 1 A Production Function and Total Cost: Hungry Helen’s Cookie Factory;表1. 生产函数和总成本：亨格瑞.海伦的糕点厂 ;The Production Function 生产函数;Marginal Product 边际产量;Marginal Product 边际产量;Diminishing Marginal Product;边际产量递减;Figure 2 Hungry Helen’s Production Function;图2.亨格瑞.海伦的生产函数;Diminishing Marginal Product ;边际产量递减 ;;;Table 1 A Production Function and Total Cost: Hungry Helen’s Cookie Factory;表1.生产函数和总成本亨格瑞.海伦的糕点厂;Figure 3 Hungry Helen’s Total-Cost Curve图3. 亨格瑞.海伦的总成本曲线;;Fixed and Variable Costs;固定成本和变动成本;;Table 2 The Various Measures of Cost: Thirsty Thelma’s Lemonade Stand;Table 2 The Various Measures of Cost: Thirsty Thelma’s Lemonade Stand;表2. 成本的各种衡量：索斯蒂.特尔玛的柠檬水店;;;;;$3.00;$3.00;;;Marginal Cost;边际成本;;;Figure 4 Thirsty Thelma’s Total-Cost Curves;图4. 索斯蒂.特尔玛的总成本曲线;Figure 5 Thirsty Thelma’s Average-Cost and Marginal-Cost Curves;图5. 索斯蒂.特尔玛的平均成本和边际成本曲线;Cost Curves and Their Shapes成本曲线及其形状;Figure 5 Thirsty Thelma’s Average-Cost and Marginal-Cost Curves;图5. 索斯蒂.特尔玛的平均成本和边际成本曲线;;;Cost Curves and Their Shapes成本曲线及其形状;Figure 5 Thirsty Thelma’s Average-Cost and Marginal-Cost Curves;图5. 索斯蒂.特尔玛的平均成本和边际成本曲线;Relationship Between Marginal Cost and Average Total Cost;边际成本和平均总成本之间的关系;Relationship Between Marginal Cost and Average Total Cost;边际成本和平均总成本之间的关系;;;Typical Cost Curves 典型的成本曲线;Big Bob’s Cost Curves;大鲍伯的成本曲线;Figure 6 Big Bob’s Cost Curves;图6.大鲍伯的成本曲线;Figure 6 Big Bob’s Cost Curves;图6.大鲍伯的成本曲线;Typical Cost Curves ;典型的成本曲线 ;;;COSTS IN THE SHORT RUN AND IN THE LONG RUN短期与长期成本;Figure 7 Average Total Cost in the Short and Long Run;图7. 短期与长期的平均成本;;;Figure 7 Average Total Cost in the Short and Long Run;图7. 短期与长期的平均总成本;Summary;小结;Summary;小结;Summary;小结;Summary;小结;;WHAT IS A COMPETITIVE MARKET? ;什么是竞争市场？;WHAT IS A COMPETITIVE MARKET?;什么是竞争市场？;WHAT IS A COMPETITIVE MARKET?;什么是竞争市场?;The Revenue of a Competitive Firm竞争企业的收益;The Revenue of a