形貌可控的Pt纳米催化剂的制备和其应用进展.pdfVIP

化 工 进 展 2011 年第30 卷第3 期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·513 · 进展与述评 形貌可控的 Pt 纳米催化剂的制备及其应用进展 郑孙洁，严新焕 （浙江工业大学绿色化学合成技术国家重点实验室培育基地，浙江杭州 310014 ） 摘 要：铂纳米催化剂由于其高效的还原和氧化作用，在催化和电催化领域的应用非常的广泛。在反应中除了 尺寸外，Pt 纳米晶体的形貌对催化和电催化的活性和选择性也起到了关键的作用。调变合成单一形貌催化剂的 条件，如稳定剂、还原剂和表面活性剂等，对于调控纳米粒子的形貌至关重要。目前形貌可控的铂纳米催化剂 已被应用到加氢、氧化和Suzuki 偶联等各种类型的反应中，与商用催化剂相比表现出高活性和高选择性等优异 的催化性能。本文主要介绍形貌可控的铂纳米催化剂的合成及其在各种反应中的应用。 关键词：铂；纳米晶体；形貌；晶面 中图分类号：TQ 426.81 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000 –6613 （2011 ）03 –0513 –08 Shape-controlled synthesis of platinum nanocatalysts for catalytic and electrocatalytic applications ZHENG Sunjie ，YAN Xinhuan （State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology，Zhejiang University of Technology ， Hangzhou 310014 ，Zhejiang ，China ） Abstract： Platinum nanocatalysts has been widely used in catalysis and electrocatalytic due to its ability to maneuver both oxidation and reduction reactions. In addition to size ，the shape of a Pt nanocrystal provides a sensitive knob for tuning its catalytic and electrocatalytic properties. Some factors ，such as the reductant ，stabilizer ，and surfactant ，are essential to control the shape of nanoparticles and may affect catalytic activity and selectivity. Nowadays ，shape-controlled platinum nanocatalysts has been applied to various reactions ，such as hydrogenation ，oxidation ，Suzuki coupling reaction ，etc. Compared to commercially available Pt catalysts ，these well-defined nanocrystals exhibit greatly enhanced activity and selectivity for those reactions. This rev