CET 4 - 新题型翻译.10月31补发.docx

四大题型技巧讲解——翻译主讲：刘晓峰新大纲解析试卷结构测试内容测试题型分值比例考试时间写作写作短文写作15%30听力理解听力对话短对话多项选择8%30长对话多项选择7%听力短文短文理解多项选择10%短文听写单词及词组听写10%阅读理解词汇理解选词填空5%40长篇阅读匹配10%仔细阅读多项选择20%翻译汉译英段落翻译15%30总计100%130翻译原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字；六级长度为180-200个汉字。本题改革前难度系数0.89，改革后难度系数0.95。英汉语言对比1. 形合与意合听到这消息，他满眼是泪。When he heard the news, his eyes were filled with tears.I bought six pens which cost me thirty yuan. When I took them back home, I found they were second hand.汉译英的时候，要把隐性的逻辑关系显性化；需要增补的要增补出来。我买了六支钢笔，一共三十元。拿回家一看，都是用过的。对汉语的处理或变换：我买了六支钢笔，（这六支钢笔）一共三十元。（当我）拿回家一看，（我发现钢笔）都是用过的。I bought six pens which cost me thirty yuan. When I took them back home, I found they were second hand.2. 主语与话题SV 主语+不及物动词 The river runsSVC 主语+系动词+表语 He looks strong. SVO 主语+谓语+宾语 He painted a pictureSVOO 主语+谓语+双宾语 He gave me a medical handbookSVOC 主语+谓语+复合宾语 They made him their team leader. 翻译不是word to word 而是 notion to notion 。食堂今天吃饺子。Jiaozi are served in the canteen today.开汽车没有方向盘不行。You can’t turn a car without the wheel. 3. 被动与主动1931：我也许是太自私了，也许是被别的东西迷住了眼睛。1957：我也许太自私了，也许是别的东西迷了我的眼睛。1931：上身的衣服完全被打湿了。1967：上身的衣服完全打湿了。汉英翻译技巧1. 词汇层面的处理选词：瞻前顾后，即在上下文中的意思；得意忘形，即得到意思，忘记形式。问题是到哪儿去找答案。The problem is where to find the answer. 科学家必须知道怎样运用数学以求得问题的答案。It is necessary that a scientist know how to use mathematics to get an answer to his question. 你做什么没关系，重要的问题是你怎么做。What you do does not matter. The important thing is how you do it. 我阅读了关于那些问题的著作。I have read books about these subjects. I have referred to works dealing with those subjects. 你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题。You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere. 那台机器出问题了。Something is wrong with that machine. 一路上没出问题。The trip went off without mishap. 2、修饰成分的语序（1）定语的位置这是目前唯一可行的办法。That is the only thing to do now.这些是我们面对的主要问题。Those are the chief problems facing us. 得到最高分数的学生将获得奖学金。The student who receives the highest score will be awarded a scholarship.?（2 ）定语的次序在汉语中，几个定语连用的时候，习惯上把最能表明事物本质的放在最前面，距离中心词较远；英语则相反，越能表明事物基本性质的定语，越要靠近中心词。?A、表示物理性质的词距中心词较