线聚焦抛物面聚光集热器模拟.pdfVIP

中国科技论文在线 线聚焦抛物面聚光集热器模拟 黄卫东* （中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学学院，合肥 230026） 摘要：本文模拟计算了带真空集热管的槽式太阳能集热器性能。通过计算反射镜面每个反射 5 点的光学效率来计算系统光学效率，进而计算任意时刻系统的光学效率，余弦因子，接收器 效率，热损和系统光能转化为净热能的效率，并能计算任意一段时间，如一年或一日内的平 均效率，包括低太阳辐射下的废弃能量损失对效率的影响；本方法考虑了光学误差，跟踪误 差，接收器安装误差，反射镜反射特性，真空管接收器透射率和吸收率特性对各种效率的影 响，可以模拟计算实际系统效率，优化设计。本文给出了典型系统模拟结果。 10 关键词：光学模拟；槽式聚光器；抛物面聚光器；光学效率；光热效率；接收器效率 中图分类号：TK515 Simulation of parabolic solar trough collector HUANG Weidong 15 (Colleage of Earth and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, HeFei 230026) Abstract: In this paper ，the performance of linear parabolic solar collector with vacuum pipe receiver is presented. The optical efficiency of each point at reflector is calculated first, then the optical efficiency of the system is simulated, the cosine factor, receiver efficiency, heat loss and solar energy 20 to net heat energy efficiency at any time is simulated. The average efficiency at a day or year is simulated including discard of heat energy. The influence of optical error, tracking error, position error from installation of receiver, property of reflector, transmission and absorption property of receiver on four kinds of efficiency of the trough system for typical design is simulated. Keywords:optical simulation; trough collector; parabolic collector; optical efficiency; optical heat 25 efficiency; receiver efficiency 1 引言 在太阳能利用中，聚光系统光学效率是接收器吸收的能量与反射镜上的入射能量之比， 是光学系统设计中非常重要的参数。在实际计算中，我们需要考虑吸收器吸收率，反射镜反 30 射率，接收器的遮盖效应，以及系统光学误差等因素。计算聚光系统光学效率，通常是先计 算聚光器焦斑能流密度分布，再通过对接收器上不同位置进行积分得到吸收的总能量，再除 以入射光强与通光面积得到光学效率。 计算槽