考研英语语法讲义.doc

2017考研英语基础班讲义 二〇一五年 主编：Ada 司 内部讲义 翻版必究 并列句 一.定义 You may go with us, or you may stay at home. It was getting late; we had to go back. 二．并列句连词 表示转折关系的并列连词有：but, yet , nevertheless, while 表示因果关系的并列连词有：for 表示并列附加关系：and，not only…but also 表示选择关系的：either…or neither….nor or 三．并列句中的省略现象 Its scientists were the worlds best, its workers the most skilled. It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. He adds humbly that perhaps he was superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.(08) 定语从句 什么是定语 二．定语的种类 定语前置 a lovely girl twenty students 定语后置 He give me a basket full of eggs A film about the life of workers. The ability to modify the environment. 三．定语从句含义 用句子做定语，放在被修饰对象的后面。 These are useful books These are the books which I needed in my research. 区分：从句作定语和单词作定语的区别 总结：定语从句的结构 先行词+关系词+从句=定语从句 四．定语从句的模式 （一）先行词 一个名词 Even when homeless individuals manage to find a shelter that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night… 2． 一个短语或者从句作名词概念 We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.(2004年翻译) What the were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion ago. 一个完整的句子 He arrived an hour later, which annoyed his girlfriend very much. 关系代词 which/who/whom/that/whose 关系代词指代人 That/who都可以充当从句的主语，宾语或者标语，但是，若先行词后出现逗号，这时的定语从句只能用who引导。 Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal . whom 只能充当从句的宾语。 Do you know the man whom the director nominated as the leader of the research in the meeting. 关系代词指代物 That 与 which 在指代物的时候可以互换 There is a marked difference between the education which everyone gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the deliberate educating of the young.(2009年翻译) 关系代词whose Whose用做关系词表示属格，也可以看作是关