《我有一个梦想》中英文翻译解读.docx

马丁路德金的《我有一个梦想》，作为一篇极为经典的英文演讲文章，是一个很好的分析中英文翻译法的例子。首先，因为是一篇演讲文的缘故，文章大量使用了铿锵有力的排比句式以及对照句式，如We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negros basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one.……以及Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies ofPennsylvania.Let freedom ring from thesnow-capped Rockies of Colorado.Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.But not only that.Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.……这就要求翻译者在翻译的时候，在基于中英翻译的所有基本条件上，还一定要翻译比较工整自然有韵律，从而不影响原文的强烈递进的情感表达。而中文译文也的确很好的做到这一点，如这两处：“只要黑人仍然遭受警察难以形容的野蛮迫害，我们就绝不会满足。只要我们在外奔波而疲乏的身躯不能在公路旁的汽车旅馆和城里的旅馆找到住宿之所，我们就绝不会满足。只要黑人的基本活动范围只是从少数民族聚居的小贫民区转移到大贫民区，我们就绝不会满足。……”以及“让自由之声从新罕布什尔州的巍峨的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从纽约州的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从宾夕法尼亚州的阿勒格尼山响起来！让自由之声从科罗拉多州冰雪覆盖的落基山响起来！让自由之声从加利福尼亚州蜿蜒的群峰响起来！不仅如此，还要让自由之声从佐治亚州的石岭响起来！让自由之声从田纳西州的了望山响起来！……”如同汉语古文里较工整的排比和对仗被极其巧妙的运用，将原文的蓬勃热烈的情感抒发的淋漓尽致，把演讲者的控诉、鼓励表达得相当到位。演讲文另外一个很典型的特征，就是大量的比喻使得文章所表达的内容更加鲜活有说服力。但是，有时因为文化差异，这些比喻甚至可以说是俚语，在翻译的时候却要求译者深刻的了解，并且巧妙的转化表达出来。“One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.”（特别注意，此处，Negro作为美国对黑人的俚语鄙称，且使用是为了表达当时社会对黑人依然不变的严重歧视的愤怒情绪，故翻译时也应该注意这个词以及这段话的准确到位的翻译表达）【100年后的今天，黑人仍生活在物质充裕的海洋中一个穷困的孤岛上。】“It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked insufficient funds.But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportun