初三复习材料（Third review materials）.docVIP

初三复习材料（Third review materials） 1 knowledge of elementary physics review (senior high school entrance examination tips, internal use) the first chapter, 1 acoustic sound is produced by the vibration of the body vibration, stop, stop sound. The sound of the human voice is produced by the vibration of the vocal cords, and the sound of the birds is caused by the vibration of the singing membrane at the junction of the trachea and the bronchus, and the crickets sound by the vibration of the friction of the left and right wings. 2, the transmission of sound requires medium. Solids, liquids, and gases carry sound, and vacuum does not transmit sound. The speed of sound in different media is different. The speed of sound in air at 15 DEG C is 340m/s. Generally speaking, the velocity of sound transmission in solid, liquid and gas is the relation between gas and liquid, solid, VV? V . Sound travels by medium, and the sound we hear usually comes from the air. 3, echo: sound encountered obstacles will be reflected back. The echo is up to 0.1s more than the original sound. The human ear can separate the echo from the original sound, and hear the echo at least 17m from the obstruction. Measuring distance by means of an echo. 4. Three characteristics of sound: tone, loudness, tone. (1) tone: the level of sound. Frequency: the number of vibrations in a second of a body, the frequency of which is Hertz, the symbol Hz. The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch and the lower the frequency, the lower the pitch. (2) loudness: the intensity of sound. The intensity of sound is expressed in decibels (dB). Amplitude: the amplitude of the vibration of an object, the greater the amplitude, the greater the loudness, the smaller the amplitude, the smaller the loudness. The loudness is also related to distance, and the sound produced by the same source is farther from the source and the loudness is weaker. (3) timbre: the characteristics of sound. Factors that determine timbre: the material,