光纤、光缆（Fiber optic cable）.docVIP

光纤、光缆（Fiber optic cable） I. fiber 1, overview Fiber and coax are similar, but there is no mesh shield. The center is the light transmitting glass core. In multimode fibers, the diameter of the core is 15mm~50mm, roughly the same as the thickness of the human hair. The diameter of the single-mode fiber core is 8mm~10mm. A glass envelope with a lower refractive index than the core is surrounded by the core to keep the fiber in the core. The outside is a thin plastic coat that protects the envelope. The fiber is usually bundled into a bundle and protected by a shell outside. The core is usually a double concentric cylinder made of quartz glass with a small cross section. It is brittle and easy to break, so it needs an additional protective layer. The structure is shown in figure 1. Fig. 1 Structure of optical fiber planer surface Terrestrial optical fibers are usually buried 1 meters underground and are sometimes damaged by small ground animals. Near the coast, an ocean optic shell was buried in the ditch. In deep water, they are at the bottom and are most likely to be bitten by fish or damaged by fishing boats. 2, classification There are two main categories of optical fiber: 1) transmission point module class The transmission point modulus class is divided into single-mode fiber (Single Mode Fiber) and multimode fiber (Multi Mode Fiber). Single-mode fiber has a small core diameter and can only be transmitted in a single mode at a given operating wavelength. The transmission band is wide and the transmission capacity is large. Multimode fiber is a fiber that can be transmitted simultaneously in multiple modes at a given operating wavelength. Compared with single-mode fiber, multimode fiber has poor transmission performance. 2) refractive index distribution class Refractive index distribution fiber can be divided into jump fiber and gradient fiber. The refractive index and the refractive index of the protective layer of the jump fiber core are all constant. At the inte